Filing Details
- Accession Number:
- 0001193125-17-315993
- Form Type:
- 13D Filing
- Publication Date:
- 2017-10-23 07:02:32
- Filed By:
- Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd
- Company:
- Gds Holdings Ltd (NASDAQ:GDS)
- Filing Date:
- 2017-10-23
- SEC Url:
- 13D Filing
Please notice the below summary table is generated without human intervention and may contain errors. Please refer to the complete filing displayed below for exact figures.
Name | Sole Voting Power | Shared Voting Power | Sole Dispositive Power | Shared Dispositive Power | Aggregate Amount Owned Power | Percent of Class |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd | 0 | 317,546,954 | 0 | 317,546,954 | 317,546,954 | 42.7% |
STT Communications Ltd | 0 | 317,546,954 | 0 | 317,546,954 | 317,546,954 | 42.7% |
STT GDC Pte. Ltd | 0 | 317,546,954 | 0 | 317,546,954 | 317,546,954 | 42.7% |
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
SCHEDULE 13D
(Rule 13d-101)
INFORMATION TO BE INCLUDED IN STATEMENTS FILED PURSUANT
TO §240.13d-1(a) AND AMENDMENTS THERETO FILED
PURSUANT TO §240.13d-2(a)
UNDER THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
(Amendment No. 2)
GDS Holdings Limited
(Name of Issuer)
Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.00005 per share
(Title of Class of Securities)
36165L108
(CUSIP Number)
Chan Jen Keet
c/o Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd
1 Temasek Avenue #33-01
Millenia Tower
Singapore 039192
Telephone: (65) 6723 8633
Facsimile: (65) 6720 7220
Copy to
Michael W. Sturrock, Esq.
Latham & Watkins LLP
9 Raffles Place #42-02
Singapore 048619
Telephone: (65) 6536 1161
Facsimile: (65) 6536 1171
(Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person Authorized to Receive Notices and Communications)
October 18, 2017
(Date of Event which Requires Filing of this Statement)
If the filing person has previously filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report the acquisition that is the subject of this Schedule 13D, and is filing this schedule because of §§240.13d-1(e), 240.13d-1(f) or 240.13d-1(g), check the following box. ☐
Note. Schedules filed in paper format shall include a signed original and five copies of the schedule, including all exhibits. See §240.13d-7 for other parties to whom copies are to be sent.
* | The remainder of this cover page shall be filled out for a reporting persons initial filing on this form with respect to the subject class of securities, and for any subsequent amendment containing information which would alter disclosures provided in a prior cover page. |
The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be deemed to be filed for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Act) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act (however, see the Notes).
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 1 of 6 |
1 | Names of Reporting Persons
Singapore Technologies Telemedia Pte Ltd | |||||
2 | Check the Appropriate Box if a Member of a Group (a) ☐ (b) ☐
| |||||
3 | SEC Use Only
| |||||
4 | Source Of Funds
AF | |||||
5 | Check If Disclosure Of Legal Proceedings Is Required Pursuant To Items 2(d) or 2(e) ☐
| |||||
6 | Citizenship Or Place Of Organization
Republic of Singapore | |||||
NUMBER OF SHARES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON WITH | 7 | Sole Voting Power
0 | ||||
8 | Shared Voting Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
9 | Sole Dispositive Power
0 | |||||
10 | Shared Dispositive Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
11 | Aggregate Amount Beneficially Owned By Each Reporting Person
317,546,954(1) | |||||
12 | Check if the Aggregate Amount In Row (11) Excludes Certain Shares ☐
| |||||
13 | Percent Of Class Represented By Amount In Row (11)
42.7%(2)(3) | |||||
14 | Type of Reporting Person
CO |
(1) | See Item 5 of this Schedule 13D. |
(2) | Based on 743,980,675 Class A Shares (as defined herein), which is the sum of the (a) 711,552,082 Class A Shares outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer and (b) 32,428,593 Class A Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Bonds as of October 18, 2017 and deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons. This calculation does not take into account the Class A Shares to be issued to CyrusOne (as defined herein) by the Issuer upon completion of the CyrusOne Investment (as defined herein). |
(3) | 67,590,336 Class B Ordinary Shares (Class B Shares) were issued and outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer. With respect to (i) the election of a simple majority of the Issuers directors and (ii) any change to the Issuers articles of association that would adversely affect the rights of the holders of Class B Shares, at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote per share, and each Class B Share is entitled to 20 votes per share, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 15.2% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:20 basis, as of October 18, 2017. With respect to any other matters at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote, and each Class B Share is entitled to one vote, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 39.1% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:1 basis, as of October 18, 2017. Class B Shares are convertible into Class A Shares. |
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 2 of 6 |
1 | Names of Reporting Persons
STT Communications Ltd | |||||
2 | Check the Appropriate Box if a Member of a Group (a) ☐ (b) ☐
| |||||
3 | SEC Use Only
| |||||
4 | Source Of Funds
WC | |||||
5 | Check If Disclosure Of Legal Proceedings Is Required Pursuant To Items 2(d) or 2(e) ☐
| |||||
6 | Citizenship Or Place Of Organization
Republic of Singapore | |||||
NUMBER OF SHARES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON WITH | 7 | Sole Voting Power
0 | ||||
8 | Shared Voting Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
9 | Sole Dispositive Power
0 | |||||
10 | Shared Dispositive Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
11 | Aggregate Amount Beneficially Owned By Each Reporting Person
317,546,954(1) | |||||
12 | Check if the Aggregate Amount In Row (11) Excludes Certain Shares ☐
| |||||
13 | Percent Of Class Represented By Amount In Row (11)
42.7%(2)(3) | |||||
14 | Type of Reporting Person
CO |
(1) | See Item 5 of this Schedule 13D. |
(2) | Based on 743,980,675 Class A Shares (as defined herein), which is the sum of the (a) 711,552,082 Class A Shares outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer and (b) 32,428,593 Class A Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Bonds as of October 18, 2017 and deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons. This calculation does not take into account the Class A Shares to be issued to CyrusOne (as defined herein) by the Issuer upon completion of the CyrusOne Investment (as defined herein). |
(3) | 67,590,336 Class B Shares were issued and outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer. With respect to (i) the election of a simple majority of the Issuers directors and (ii) any change to the Issuers articles of association that would adversely affect the rights of the holders of Class B Shares, at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote per share, and each Class B Share is entitled to 20 votes per share, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 15.2% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:20 basis, as of October 18, 2017. With respect to any other matters at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote, and each Class B Share is entitled to one vote, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 39.1% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:1 basis, as of October 18, 2017. Class B Shares are convertible into Class A Shares. |
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 3 of 6 |
1 | Names of Reporting Persons
STT GDC Pte. Ltd. | |||||
2 | Check the Appropriate Box if a Member of a Group (a) ☐ (b) ☐
| |||||
3 | SEC Use Only
| |||||
4 | Source Of Funds
AF | |||||
5 | Check If Disclosure Of Legal Proceedings Is Required Pursuant To Items 2(d) or 2(e) ☐
| |||||
6 | Citizenship Or Place Of Organization
Republic of Singapore | |||||
NUMBER OF SHARES BENEFICIALLY OWNED BY EACH REPORTING PERSON WITH | 7 | Sole Voting Power
0 | ||||
8 | Shared Voting Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
9 | Sole Dispositive Power
0 | |||||
10 | Shared Dispositive Power
317,546,954(1) | |||||
11 | Aggregate Amount Beneficially Owned By Each Reporting Person
317,546,954(1) | |||||
12 | Check if the Aggregate Amount In Row (11) Excludes Certain Shares ☐
| |||||
13 | Percent Of Class Represented By Amount In Row (11)
42.7%(2)(3) | |||||
14 | Type of Reporting Person
CO |
(1) | See Item 5 of this Schedule 13D. |
(2) | Based on 743,980,675 Class A Shares (as defined herein), which is the sum of the (a) 711,552,082 Class A Shares outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer and (b) 32,428,593 Class A Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Bonds as of October 18, 2017 and deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons. This calculation does not take into account the Class A Shares to be issued to CyrusOne (as defined herein) by the Issuer upon completion of the CyrusOne Investment (as defined herein). |
(3) | 67,590,336 Class B Shares were issued and outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer. With respect to (i) the election of a simple majority of the Issuers directors and (ii) any change to the Issuers articles of association that would adversely affect the rights of the holders of Class B Shares, at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote per share, and each Class B Share is entitled to 20 votes per share, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 15.2% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:20 basis, as of October 18, 2017. With respect to any other matters at general meetings of shareholders, each Class A Share is entitled to one vote, and each Class B Share is entitled to one vote, and accordingly, the Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 39.1% of the aggregate voting power on such matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:1 basis, as of October 18, 2017. Class B Shares are convertible into Class A Shares. |
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 4 of 6 |
Explanatory Note
This Amendment No. 2 to Schedule 13D amends and supplements the Schedule 13D originally filed with the Commission on June 5, 2017 and amended on June 19, 2017 (the Statement) relating to the Class A Ordinary Shares, par value $0.00005 per share (the Class A Shares), of GDS Holdings Limited, a Cayman Islands company (the Issuer), with its principal executive offices located at 2/F, Tower 2, Youyou Century Place, 428 South Yanggao Road, Pudong, Shanghai 200127, Peoples Republic of China.
Capitalized terms used but not defined herein have the meanings given to them in the Statement.
Item 4. | Purpose of Transaction |
Item 4 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following:
Investor Rights Agreement
On October 18, 2017, the Issuer announced that it has entered into a transaction with CyrusOne Inc. (CyrusOne) pursuant to which, among other things, CyrusOne will purchase from the Issuer Class A Shares equivalent to approximately 8.0 million ADSs (the CyrusOne Investment). In connection with and upon the consummation of the CyrusOne Investment, the Issuer and STT GDC have agreed to enter into an investor rights agreement (the Investor Rights Agreement), pursuant to which, among other things, the Issuer has agreed to (i) grant STT GDC preemptive rights with respect to future private issuances of equity or equity linked securities by the Issuer any time in the next eighteen months, whereby STT GDC shall have the right to subscribe for a pro rata share (based on STT GDCs shareholding as of October 18, 2017) of any such future securities and (ii) modify the termination date of the registration rights previously granted to STT GDC to such time that the relevant Registrable Securities (as defined in the Members Agreement) can be sold pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, without volume limitations.
The description of the Investor Rights Agreement herein does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified in its entirety by, the full text of the form of such document attached hereto as Exhibit 99.1 and incorporated herein by reference.
Item 5. | Interest in Securities of the Issuer |
Item 5(a)-(b) of the Statement is amended and restated in its entirety as follows:
(a)-(b) STT, through its ownership of STTC and STT GDC, is deemed for purposes of Rule13d-3 under the Exchange Act to be the beneficial owner of 317,546,954 Class A Shares, or approximately 42.7% of the outstanding Class A Shares, and to have shared power over the voting and disposition of such Class A Shares, as of October 18, 2017.
STTC, through its ownership of STT GDC, is deemed for purposes of Rule13d-3 under the Exchange Act to be the beneficial owner of 317,546,954 Class A Shares, or approximately 42.7% of the outstanding Class A Shares, and to have shared power over the voting and disposition of such Class A Shares, as of October 18, 2017.
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 5 of 6 |
STT GDC directly owns 285,118,361 Class A Shares (directly or in the form of ADSs) and is deemed to beneficially own the 32,428,593 Class A Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Bonds as of October 18, 2017. Accordingly, STT GDC is deemed to beneficially own 317,546,954 Class A Shares, or approximately 42.7% of the outstanding Class A Shares, and to have shared power over the voting and disposition of such Class A Shares, as of October 18, 2017.
The percentage of beneficial ownership of the Reporting Persons was calculated by dividing (i) the 317,546,954 Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by each of the Reporting Persons as of October 18, 2017 (as set forth in the preceding paragraphs) by (ii) 743,980,675 Class A Shares, which is the sum of the (a) 711,552,082 Class A Shares outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer and (b) 32,428,593 Class A Shares issuable upon conversion of the Convertible Bonds as of October 18, 2017. This calculation does not take into account the Class A Shares to be issued to CyrusOne by the Issuer upon completion of the CyrusOne Investment.
As of October 18, 2017, 67,590,336 Class B Shares were issued and outstanding, based on information provided by the Issuer. The Class A Shares deemed to be beneficially owned by the Reporting Persons represented approximately 15.2% of the aggregate voting power on the matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:20 basis described herein as of October 18, 2017 and approximately 39.1% of the aggregate voting power on the matters with Class A Shares and Class B Shares voting on a 1:1 basis described herein as of October 18, 2017.
To the knowledge of the Reporting Persons, the directors and executive officers of the Reporting Persons listed in Schedule A hereto beneficially own in the aggregate less than 1% of the Issuers outstanding Class A Shares (directly or indirectly in the form of ADSs) as of October 18, 2017, based on 711,552,082 Class A Shares outstanding as of October 18, 2017, based on information provided by the Issuer.
Item 5(c) of the Statement is amended and supplemented by inserting the following:
Except as described in this Statement, there have been no transactions by the Reporting Persons in the Class A Shares of the Issuer (directly or in the form of ADSs) during the past sixty days. To the knowledge of the Reporting Persons, there have been no transactions by any director or executive officer of any of the Reporting Persons in the Class A Shares of the Issuer (directly or in the form of ADSs) during the past sixty days.
Item 6. | Contracts, Arrangements, Understandings or Relationships with Respect to Securities of the Issuer |
Item 6 of the Statement is hereby amended and supplemented by inserting the following:
Item 4 above summarizes certain provisions of the Investor Rights Agreement and is incorporated herein by reference.
CUSIP No. 36165L108 | Page 6 of 6 |
Item 7. | Material to be Filed as Exhibits |
Exhibit | Description | |
99.1 | Form of Investor Rights Agreement to be entered into between the Issuer and STT GDC. |
SIGNATURE
After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this Statement is true, complete and correct.
Date: October 23, 2017
SINGAPORE TECHNOLOGIES TELEMEDIA PTE LTD | ||
By: | /s/ Chan Jen Keet | |
Name: Chan Jen Keet | ||
Title: Company Secretary | ||
STT COMMUNICATIONS LTD | ||
By: | /s/ Chan Jen Keet | |
Name: Chan Jen Keet | ||
Title: Company Secretary | ||
STT GDC PTE. LTD. | ||
By: | /s/ Bruno Lopez | |
Name: Bruno Lopez | ||
Title: Director |
SCHEDULE A
The name, present principal occupation and business address of each director and executive officer of the Reporting Persons is set forth below.
The following is a list of the directors and executive officers of STT:
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Tan Guong Ching 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chairman and Director, STT) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Stephen Geoffrey Miller 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STT) | President & CEO, STT and STTC | Australian | ||
Sum Soon Lim 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STT) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Lim Ming Seong 202 Bedok South Avenue 1 #01-21 Singapore 469332
(Director, STT) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Chang See Hiang 1 Kim Seng Promenade #12-07 Great World City West Tower Singapore 237994
(Director, STT) | Advocate & Solicitor | Singaporean | ||
Justin Weaver Lilley 5729 Potomac Ave., NW Washington, DC 20016 USA
(Director, STT) | President, Telemedia Policy Corporation | American |
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Sir Michael Perry, GBE Bridges Stone Mill, Alfrick Pound Worcester WR6 5HR United Kingdom
(Director, STT) | Corporate Director | British | ||
Vicente S. Perez, Jr. Floor 3B, Paseo de Roxas Building 111 Paseo de Roxas corner Legazpi Street Legaspi Village, Makati City Philippines 1229
(Director, STT) | Corporate Director | Filipino | ||
Steven Terrell Clontz 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Senior Executive Vice President | Senior Executive Vice President International, STT and STTC | American | ||
Lim Beng Hoe 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief of Organisation Development & Senior Executive Vice President, STT) | Chief of Organisation Development & Senior Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Singaporean | ||
Johnny Ong Seng Huat 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief Financial Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STT) | Chief Financial Officer & Senior
Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Malaysian | ||
Nikhil Oommen Jacob Eapen 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief Strategy & Investment Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STT) | Chief Strategy & Investment Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Singaporean |
The following is a list of the directors and executive officers of STTC:
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Tan Guong Ching 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chairman and Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Peter Seah Lim Huat 12 Marina Boulevard Marina Bay Financial Centre Tower 3 Level 45 Singapore 018982
(Deputy Chairman and Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Stephen Geoffrey Miller 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STTC) | President & CEO, STT and STTC | Australian | ||
Sum Soon Lim 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Lim Ming Seong 202 Bedok South Avenue 1 #01-21 Singapore 469332
(Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Chang See Hiang 1 Kim Seng Promenade #12-07 Great World City West Tower Singapore 237994
(Director, STTC) | Advocate & Solicitor | Singaporean |
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Justin Weaver Lilley 5729 Potomac Ave., NW Washington, DC 20016 USA
(Director, STTC) | President, Telemedia Policy Corporation | American | ||
Sir Michael Perry, GBE Bridges Stone Mill, Alfrick Pound Worcester WR6 5HR United Kingdom
(Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | British | ||
Vicente S. Perez, Jr. Floor 3B, Paseo de Roxas Building 111 Paseo de Roxas corner Legazpi Street Legaspi Village, Makati City Philippines 1229
(Director, STTC) | Corporate Director | Filipino | ||
Steven Terrell Clontz 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Senior Executive Vice President | Senior Executive Vice President International, STT and STTC | American | ||
Lim Beng Hoe 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief of Organisation Development & Senior Executive Vice President, STTC) | Chief of Organisation Development & Senior Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Singaporean | ||
Johnny Ong Seng Huat 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief Financial Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STTC) | Chief Financial Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Malaysian |
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Nikhil Oommen Jacob Eapen 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Chief Strategy & Investment Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STTC) | Chief Strategy & Investment Officer & Senior Executive Vice President, STT and STTC | Singaporean |
The following is a list of the directors and executive officers of STT GDC:
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Sio Tat Hiang 3 Temasek Avenue #28-01 Centennial Tower Singapore 039190
(Chairman and Director, STT GDC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Lim Ming Seong 202 Bedok South Avenue 1 #01-21 Singapore 469332
(Director, STT GDC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Liu Chee Ming 21/F LHT Tower 31 Queens Road Central Hong Kong
(Director, STT GDC) | Group Managing Director, Platinum Securities Company Limited | Singaporean | ||
Lim Ah Doo 3 Temasek Avenue #28-01 Centennial Tower Singapore 039190
(Director, STT GDC) | Corporate Director | Singaporean | ||
Stephen Geoffrey Miller 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STT GDC) | President & CEO, STT and STTC | Australian |
Name, Business Address and Position | Present Principal Occupation | Citizenship | ||
Steven Terrell Clontz 1 Temasek Avenue #33-01 Millenia Tower Singapore 039192
(Director, STT GDC) | Senior Executive Vice President International, STT and STTC | American | ||
Bruno Lopez 3 Temasek Avenue #28-01 Centennial Tower Singapore 039190
(Director, STT GDC) | Chief Executive Officer, STT GDC | Singaporean | ||
Jonathan Allen King 3 Temasek Avenue #28-01 Centennial Tower Singapore 039190
(Chief Operating Officer, STT GDC) | Chief Operating Officer, STT GDC | Australian | ||
Lim Yueh Hua Nelson 3 Temasek Avenue #28-01 Centennial Tower Singapore 039190
(Chief Financial Officer, STT GDC) | Chief Financial Officer, STT GDC | Singaporean |