Filing Details

(a). This statement is being filed by City of London Investment Group PLC ("CLIG") and City of London Investment Management Company Limited ("CLIM," and together with CLIG, the "Reporting Persons").

(b). The business address and principal executive offices of CLIG are 77 Gracechurch Street, London, EC3V 0AS, England.  The directors and executive officers of CLIG, their business addresses and present principal occupation or employment are set forth on Annex A attached to this Schedule 13D.  The business address and principal executive offices of CLIM are 77 Gracechurch Street, London, EC3V 0AS, England.  The directors and executive officers of CLIM, their business addresses and present principal occupation or employment are set forth on Annex A attached.

(c).  CLIM is primarily an emerging markets fund manager, which specializes in investing in closed-end investment companies and is a registered investment adviser under Section 203 of the Investment Advisers Act of 1940.  CLIM is controlled by CLIG.  CLIM is principally engaged in the business of providing investment advisory services to various public and private investment funds, including The Emerging World Fund ("EWF"), a Dublin, Ireland-listed open-ended investment company, Emerging Markets Country Fund ("GBL"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Investable Emerging Markets Country Fund ("IEM"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging (BMI) Markets Country Fund ("BMI"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Free Markets Country Fund ("FREE"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Frontier Emerging Markets Fund ("FRONT"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, The EM Plus CEF Fund ("PLUS"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, International Equity CEF Fund ("IEF"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Global Fund ("EMG"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Investable Fund ("EMI"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Emerging Markets Free Fund ("EMF"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Global Emerging Markets Fund ("GEM"), a private investment fund organized as a Delaware business trust, Tradex Global Equity Fund ("Tradex"), an Ontario mutual fund, and unaffiliated third-party segregated accounts over which CLIM exercises discretionary voting and investment authority (the "Segregated Accounts").

The Shares to which this Schedule 13D relates are owned directly by the City of London Funds and the Segregated Accounts, collectively "the Funds".

(d). None of the Reporting Persons has, during the last five years, been convicted in any criminal proceeding.

(e). None of the Reporting Persons has, during the last five years, been a party to any civil proceeding commenced before a judicial or administrative body of competent jurisdiction as a result of which it or he was or is now subject to a judgment, decree or final order enjoining future violations of, or prohibiting or mandating activities subject to, federal or state securities laws or finding any violation with respect to such laws.

(f). City of London Investment Group PLC, (CLIG) and City of London Investment Management Company Limited (CLIM) are companies incorporated under the laws of England and Wales.