David Dodd: Yes. I’ll ask if Mark Newman would like to weigh in on this, because we’ve seen very promising, encouraging response with vaccine against the Omicron and Delta, basically all the way through XBB.1.5, but Mark?
Mark Newman: Yes, sure. Thank you, David. We have samples in the freezer from the Phase 1, and then we have what we call the safety lead in or the sentinels in the blood cancer studies that are evaluated in real time. And so one of the things you always do is go back and look at your samples and ask, well, okay how did it work against the Wuhan and where we started? How does it work against Delta? How does it work against Omicron? And in fact, what we’re finding and this has been presented at a couple of vaccine meetings, is that we’re getting great booster responses even in the cancer treatment patients. And in fact, I would say surpassing initial expectations. This includes an increase in antibody responses that neutralize the variance from the original Wuhan through the Delta and into some of the omicron, including Omicron about BA.1.2 and 1.5. So we’re always a little bit, I would say behind maybe three to four weeks behind.
It takes that long to make the new constructs up, but it’s very promising data and that we’re seeing neutralization across to these other variants. And of course, we’re seeing T-cell recognition to both the S and the N maintained at a high level. That was actually predictable because the virus is not varying the T-cell epitopes as much as it’s varying the portion that the antibodies is recognizing. So yes, it’s all pointing in the right direction.
Jeffrey Kraws: Now on the, looking at the – the such populations with the various blood cancers, et cetera, as well as sickle cell, it’s not widely recognized, while the sickle cell population in United States was less than 200,000. The sickle cell population in India is estimated to be 28 million. So that is an area I think you have a lot of interest for not only partnering, but a lot of interest for patient population treating because it’s such a large market for them?
Mark Newman: That’s true. Numerous groups within the – I’ll call it the immunocompromised populations. People are still being sequestered in the United States who are CLL patients, people being sequestered other parts of the world, whereas the rest of us know we don’t even – we barely remember wearing a mask, it seems like, we’re going about our lives, but there are these populations who have these medical conditions for – for whom the current vaccines and monoclonal antibodies are inadequate. And they’re not leaving; they’re not back to normal lives. They’re still sequestered being kept indoors and that’s why we saw a strong response and interest with the announcement of the initiation of the CLL booster trial.
Jeffrey Kraws: Perfect. Thank you very much for the updates.
David Dodd: Thank you.
Operator: There are no further questions at this time. I would like to turn the call back over to the presenters.
Mark Reynolds: Thank you. Thank you everyone for participating in this corporate update and sharing in our achievements, progress and outlook. We’re quite excited about what we’re learning with these products. The Gedeptin is continuing to show promise and encouragement, not just in head and neck cancers, but in the application of other areas. We think there’s broad-based opportunity there and we’ll keep you updated as more data comes in and as we learn more about that. CMO4S1 as Mark Newman mentioned it’s exceeding probably expectations in terms of the promise and what we’re looking forward to. We’re highly encouraged with the interest we’ve received from various parties about that product and the opportunity, the broad base use of it.
