Source: Tax Credits.
Many investors shy away from investing in banks because they seem too complex or too difficult to understand, as they often have their hands in many different businesses. After a little research, however, you can learn very quickly what businesses a bank has, and how it returns money to shareholders.One bank worth exploring is PNC Financial Services (NYSE:PNC), which has seen quite a shift in the makeup of its business lines in recent years.
The assets
It’s always helpful to note where a bank devotes its resources, and the easiest way to determine that is by checking which businesses it devotes its assets to. At PNC, we can see that, in the most recent quarter, its assets by business could be broken down at follows:
Source: Company SEC Filings.
Unknown to many, PNC’s largest business (by assets) is its Corporate & Institutional Banking group, containing over $112 billion of PNC’s $302 billion in assets. In fact, the group’s total assets have grown by almost 45% since 2010, whereas PNC’s total assets have only grown by a little over 14%.
The BlackRock, Inc. (NYSE:BLK) section on the balance sheet is PNC’s 22% ownership stake in the world’s largest publicly traded investment firm. Blackrock has seen its stock rise 32% this year, and PNC actually has further unrealized gains there. During the last quarter, for example, it had accounted for the value of Blackrock to be $5.8 billion, while the market value of its investment was in fact $9.2 billion.
However, assets are only a small part of the overall story for investors, so it is important to see what PNC does with those assets to generate revenue.
The revenue
Source: Company SEC Filings.
Somewhat surprisingly, as shown by the chart above, the makeup of PNC’s revenue has remained relatively stable despite major changes in its assets. If we check how well PNC uses its assets to generate revenue, we see something very surprising:
Business-segment revenue / average assets
| 2010 | Q2 2013 | |
|---|---|---|
| Retail Banking | 8.6% | 8.3% |
| Corporate & Institutional Banking | 6.4% | 5% |
| Asset Management Group | 13.2% | 13.9% |
| Residential Mortgage Banking | 10.8% | 8.8% |
| BlackRock | 8.5% | 10% |
| Non-Strategic Assets Portfolio | 6.5% | 6.8% |
| Other | 1.1% | 1.5% |
| PNC Total | 5.7% | 5.4% |
Source: Company SEC Filings.
Not only does the Corporate & Institutional Banking business rank at the bottom in terms of revenue generated for every dollar of assets attributed to it, but it has in fact gotten worse as it has expanded. Should this concern investors?
The income
Of course not! It’s not revenue that investors are after, but income, and it is there we see why PNC has devoted so much attention and resources to its Corporate & Institutional Banking line of business.
Looking at the return on average assets for each business at PNC, we see why PNC invests so heavily in that specific business.
Return on average assets
| Q2 2013 | |
|---|---|
| Retail Banking | 0.8% |
| Corporate & Institutional Banking | 2.2% |
| Asset Management Group | 2% |
| Residential Mortgage Banking | 0.8% |
| BlackRock | 7.5% |
| Non-Strategic Assets Portfolio | 2.3% |
| Other | 0.6% |
| PNC Total | 1.5% |
Source: Company SEC Filings.
Of PNC’s core businesses, the Corporate & Institutional Banking group is far and away the most profitable, so it only makes sense the company would focus its growth there. And while its percent of assets is large, it makes up an even greater part of PNC’s total income:
Source: Company SEC Filings.
It is this diligent focus that has allowed PNC to dramatically narrow the gap between its average return on assets and that of its peers:
Source: Company SEC Filings.
It is always reassuring to watch a company invest its resources in the correct places to benefit its bottom line, and PNC has clearly done that in recent years. Any company that is able to use its assets to grow its profits is certainly one to consider investing in.
The article Exploring How 1 Bank Makes Its Money originally appeared on Fool.com.
Fool contributor Patrick Morris owns shares of U.S. Bancorp. The Motley Fool recommends BlackRock and Wells Fargo (NYSE:WFC). The Motley Fool owns shares of PNC Financial Services (NYSE:PNC) and Wells Fargo.
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