4th grade

All the common core multiplication strategies for 3rd and 4th graders that have been enlisted above can be used for fourth grade as well, therefore we have not mentioned them again. They can be molded for more advanced questions as the teacher sees fit. Below are the methods that are exclusively for 4th grade, when double digit multiplication is first introduced to children.

Area Models

Multiplication of double digit numbers with double digit numbers is always a hassle. The area model technique is designed to make it easier, faster and generally more doable. Let’s take an example. Consider “35 x 43”. Sounds difficult, doesn’t it? Not with the area model. First, you break up the two numbers into tens and units, i.e. 35 can be fragmented into 30 and 5 and 43 into 40 and 3. Second, draw a square and divide it into four equal parts. Write the two figures representing the first number (30 and 5) on the top of the square, one on top of each divided part, while the corresponding figures for the second number will go on the left of the square. Third, multiply each number on the top with each number on the left. In this case, multiply 30 with 40 and 3, and multiply 5 with 40 and 3. The four products will take their places inside each part of the square and will finally be added to come up with the final answer. For those of you who would like a video representation, refer the video below.

Multiplicative Comparison

We wrap up our list of common core multiplication strategies for 3rd and 4th graders with a simple multiplicative comparison, i.e. when a figure is represented in terms of another figure. For example, if John is three times as tall as Carl, his height has been explained in reference to Carl’s height, and therefore can be calculated by multiplying Carl’s height with three. This technique helps students understand the importance of multiplication in real life situations. It is a little confusing at first but with practice comes perfection!