Autolus Therapeutics plc (NASDAQ:AUTL) Q4 2023 Earnings Call Transcript

Autolus Therapeutics plc (NASDAQ:AUTL) Q4 2023 Earnings Call Transcript March 15, 2024

Autolus Therapeutics plc isn’t one of the 30 most popular stocks among hedge funds at the end of the third quarter (see the details here).

Operator: Hello, ladies and gentlemen, and welcome to the Autolus Therapeutics’ Call to discuss the Full Year 2023 Financial Results and Business Updates. [Operator Instructions] As a reminder, this conference call is being recorded. I would now like to turn the conference over to your host, Olivia Manser. Please go ahead.

Olivia Manser: Thanks, Michelle. Good morning or good afternoon, everyone. Thanks for joining us on today’s call. With me are Dr. Christian Itin, our Chief Executive Officer; and Rob Dolski, our Chief Financial Officer. So, on Slide 2, before we begin, I’d just like to remind you that during today’s call we will make statements related to our business that are forward-looking under federal securities laws and the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These may include, but are not limited to, statements regarding the status of clinical trials and development and for regulatory timelines for our product candidates and our expectations regarding our cash runway. These statements are subject to a variety of risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from expectations and reflect our views only as of today.

We assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. For a discussion of the material risks and uncertainties that could affect our actual results, please refer to the risks identified in today’s press release and our SEC filings, both available on the Investors section of our website. On Slide 3, you’ll see the agenda. As usual, Christian will provide an overview of our operational highlights, Rob will then discuss the financial results before Christian will conclude with upcoming milestones and closing remarks, and we will then take questions. Over to you, Christian.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot, Olivia, and welcome, everybody, to our full year update. Obviously, it’s been a very successful year for us, and we’re going to go through the accomplishments during the course of last year, particularly with our lead program, obe-cel, on the following slide. But what we’d like to start out with is obviously the important transactions that we’ve been able to complete in February this year, obviously, post the reporting period. Obviously, the two transactions we conducted. One was the strategic collaboration with BioNTech, which I think sets us up in a very interesting and attractive way going forward with a very strong partner, and I think a lot of opportunity to realize synergies between the two companies.

The focus of this collaboration has been sort of on three key platforms that we have developed. The first one is providing access to BioNTech to our manufacturing platform. Obviously, at the core of that being the Nucleus manufacturing facility, but also, of course, all the systems surrounding the product supply platform. Secondly, the commercial platform that we’ve been setting up and obviously in the midst of preparing the company for a potential launch at the end of this year for obe-cel. Also the systems we set up, the procedures, the presence and the centers we’re building up, all obviously can be leveraged beyond just obe-cel. And I think there’s significant opportunity there for additional programs to serve — be served through that platform.

And then, also, obviously, the access to two of our product candidates, AUTO1/22 and AUTO6NG in co-development and co-commercialization options that we have granted to do both of those programs. And I think will allow us to accelerate some of our pipeline programs, and obviously looking forward to the collaboration here with our partner. We also have additional support to launch and to expand obe-cel into additional indications. And so between all of those components, we were looking at an upfront a contribution of $200 million through an equity investment and $50 million in cash from BioNTech and then an additional $582 million in further option exercise and milestone payments. So, this obviously is a key transaction for us, I think, with a very attractive partner that has a very similar view on how we want to approach oncology, what the challenges are, the opportunities are, and we’re really excited to working with BioNTech on a number of opportunities and products going forward.

Now, what we also did in parallel or right in sequence to executing the agreement with BioNTech is to run a financing transaction, which has yielded gross proceeds of an additional $350 million. So, between the two transactions and the year-end cash position of $240 million, we’re looking at year — beginning of the year cash position on a pro forma basis of around $800 million plus, which also sets us up in a very strong position to execute the plans that we have discussed with you leading up to these transactions as well. Moving to Slide #5. What I’d like to do on this slide is really kind of highlight some of the key activities that we’ve been engaged in with obe-cel during the course of last year, but also have progressed in the first quarter now as well in 2024.

First of all, we’ve given obviously two key updates during the course of last year on the FELIX data for obe-cel, providing the first data presentation at ASCO, which was focused on the morphological cohort of the FELIX study. This included about 94 patients that we reported on, and we presented the overall outcome of the study. What we then did actually at the ASH time point in December, early December last year, is to look at the entire FELIX study, which included two additional cohorts: one cohort with patients that had minimal residual disease, so less than 5% tumor burden at times of inclusion; and also patients that have isolated extramedullary disease, which is a patient group that typically gets excluded from clinical trials due to the challenging nature of the disease and the very high bar and challenges to actually get meaningful results in these patients.

So, we’re provided at ASH actually the totality of the data, and we believe that is important because that actually reflects the continuum of tumor burden and risk categories that physicians are facing when dealing with adult ALL patients. And in that regard, reflect a proper cross section of the patient population. And obviously, as you may remember, and we’ll talk about a bit in further detail in upcoming slides, obviously, we’ve shown very significant, very meaningful clinical activity with combined with an excellent safety profile across all of these categories of risk in the patients treated in FELIX study. What we also did is we provided an update on patients where we do actually have longer follow-up, and these come from the ALLCAR19 study as well as the FELIX 1b study.

In fact, between the patients that we had actually in that analysis had more than three years of median follow-up, and that gives us a very good understanding of what to expect longer term in terms of outcomes from the study, and we’ll briefly talk about that as well in the upcoming part of the presentation. Now, it was absolutely critical in this space is your ability to deliver product. And that’s certainly been the most challenging part. And if we think about the path that we’ve taken with obe-cel with the company is to establish our own capability of delivering product. And obviously, at the core of that is the Nucleus facility which is located here in the U.K. in Stevenage. And what we managed to do during the course of last year is really get that facility, not just get it final — the build finalized, but also taken the facility into operation, qualify and fully validate the facility.

And all of that data obviously is key data that actually did flow into the BLA filing. Just as a reminder, from the time point when we actually broke ground for this facility, which is a four-story industrial build — a greenfield build, we took exactly 24 months to actually get the facility fully validated, everything written up and into the BLA to the BLA filing. Overall, in terms of generating all the reports and the data sets, it was 22 months. So that’s an exceptionally short period of time, and it required us to frankly take very different approaches from the build, the design, to build, but then also the operational model to be able to achieve this. So, what we also have, obviously, since reported is that we just went through the full inspection cycle with the MHRA, one of the prerequisites that you have if you operate with manufacturing facilities in Europe or in the U.K. is that you actually do need licenses for those facilities to supply product, not just for clinical trials or for supply within the country, but also to be able to export product.

So, if we think about U.S. patients, obviously, we’re also exporting back to the U.S., the final produced product here in the U.K., and that actually required a specific license. So, we have obtained this license, and they’re now actually in a position that we have fulfilled the first major step here to get the facility in a position where it can actually support any patients from the U.K. Now, the second, obviously, key step is obviously the regulatory review coming that we’re in the midst of the process of. We filed the BLA at the end of last year, and during the course of November, we got by mid-January, the filing accepted for review by the FDA with the PDUFA date of November 16 this year. Meanwhile, we also actually have filed with the European Medicines Agency MAA.

And with that, obviously, have now filings into the two major jurisdictions from a commercial perspective for this product. We’re also going to be in conversation with the MHRA on the approach here to a registration path, and that’s going to be the third jurisdiction we’re looking to actually get the product approved as well. When we look in terms of the commercial readiness, obviously, one of the key activities that you have to involve in is not only creating awareness for the product, which is mostly the medical affairs team’s job to drive that, but also to make sure that we’re in a position to deliver the product. And for that, obviously, the centers need to be accredited. We’re in the midst of the process of getting centers ready for commercial use of the product.

And those activities are all on track with an expectation that we will have 30 centers ready at the time of launch for ready-to-use obe-cel once an approval is in. So, those are kind of the key updates that we ran through from an obe-cel perspective during the course of last year. Obviously, a very heavy lift to get to a place where we had both the clinical data as well as the manufacturing capability. And now the focus this year is obviously to drive through the regulatory process and prepare the organization for launch. Moving to Slide #6. When we look beyond the obe-cel opportunity within ALL, as we had indicated, we also are going to be moving into the autoimmune segment. And in fact, the first study is an open for enrollment and it’s called the CARLYSLE study.

What is important about where we are with the program is obviously that we’re setting up and setting — spacing our program on the very strong foundation that we have built for obe-cel in the adult ALL setting, which gives us a lot of safety data. It gives us obviously the regulatory packages, which are absolute development. It gives us the commercial supply capability and presence in the centers. These points, we believe, are very critical to be able to deliver effectively in the autoimmune setting. And obviously, what we have shown over the last several years is that we have an exceptional profile from both an activity and a safety perspective with obe-cel. Looking at programs beyond obe-cel, we did update on two programs. We updated on AUTO8 at an oral presentation of the MCARTY study at ASH where we could show very high levels of clinical activity, and we believe very nice cellular dynamics that we were seeing beyond just the clinical activity, but also cellular dynamics of the product.

Looked very interesting and seem to benefit from the dual targeting approach that we’re choosing, and we’ve chosen for AUTO8 here targeting both BCMA and CD19. And then the AUTO6NG study in neuroblastoma, the MAGNETO study also is open for enrollment as of the end of last year. So that’s actually very nice progress on those products. Not on this slide, we also published a pediatric ALL data from AUTO1/22 in the Journal Blood also in the September timeframe last year. Moving to Slide #7 and looking at some of the organizational changes that we ran through. First of all, I’d like to congratulate Chris Williams as well as Alex Driggs to their promotions. Chris, obviously, has been instrumental in the various transactions that we have done over the years and obviously, most recently, the BioNTech transaction.

And Chris has been promoted to Chief Business Officer. And Alex Driggs, has been promoted to Senior Vice President for Legal Affairs and obviously continue as the General Counsel of the company. We also have a transition within the executive team. Edgar Braendle, will step down as Chief Development Officer to pursue other opportunities. Edgar will continue to advise the company through the regulatory process for the BLA and MAA through the completion and approval of these and getting through approvals in those two processes. And obviously, we’d like to thank Edgar for a fantastic job. Edgar joined in middle of ’21 right at the start of Phase II of the pivotal sections of FELIX study. Obviously, a very challenging starting point managed to — with the team to get the study, obviously, conducted to a very successful outcome as well as obviously then translate in record time this data set as well as the data set coming from Dave’s team on the manufacturing side into the BLA filing, the MAA filing, which is an enormous achievement in a very limited amount of time.

So, fantastic outcome, a lot of gratitude there, and wish Edgar well with his next endeavor. And we internally will have Miranda Neville take over from Edgar. She’s running the obe-cel program and has been for quite a while, and she will also continue to run the development team. So, we have a nice level of continuity and drive forward. As we go through the course of this year, we will obviously expand also our team in more also into the autoimmune segment, and there will be certainly announcements during the course of this year with sort of the build-out of the development team in that direction as well. And finally, we have strengthened the — our Board of Directors. We had two recent appointments. Lis Leiderman joined us, as well as Rob — Bob Azelby.

Both of them obviously bringing very significant level of experience. Lis, obviously, with a strong financial and transactions background, and Bob with a very strong background in commercialization both on the oncology side, on the CAR T side, but also on the rheumatology side. So, very relevant background. It’s a very significant opportunity for contributions as we go forward. And also, we’re excited to have both of them now part of the Board of Directors. Now with that, I’d like to move to Slide #9, and just briefly remind you, obviously, of the unique mechanism of action at the heart of the features that we see in the clinical properties we see with obe-cel, and this is all about driving a product that can physiologically engage with target cells, which means it can engage rapidly, it can deliver the kill, and they can then disengage rapidly as well, so that you do not have overactivation of the CAR T cell in the process.

And as a consequence, you’ll maximize, on the one hand, the activity, because they recycle the product and the cells get recycled back into action much more quickly, so they have actually more active agents available at any given point in time, but also you avoid the toxicity that is seen with overactivation of the T cells. And obviously, is at the core for the reduced cytokine release syndrome and in general, as well, the immunological — toxicities related to neurological toxicities are usually referred to as ICANS. So, in the feature that’s at the core is this very different way of engaging the target antigen, and obviously as you remember, has resulted in very different profile for the product. What I’d like to do on the next slide, which is going to be Slide 11, is really talk about a few aspects of the FELIX study that we have presented in terms of the pooled analysis at the ASH meeting at the end of last year.

I think what’s important here is to understand, and I sort of already alluded to that when I was briefly talking about the time point when Edgar actually had joined us, we conducted the study in the midst of the pandemic. And that is important because, obviously, we’re dealing here with patients that are highly immune compromised. Patients that are very high risk of infection. In fact, many of these patients do pass away as a consequence of sepsis in general as a major cause of death. And as you can imagine, being in the midst of the pandemic with travel restrictions and lots of concerns around the safety for patients, this has been a really challenging study to conduct. And in essence, what would resulted in is actually a study that is pretty much a real-world study that we conducted here.

Now, what is also important to understand is that as you’re operating in this type of an environment, you also have to actually make sure that the way that the physicians can manage the patients gives them a very significant level of — or a degree of freedom to frankly, make the right choices and deal with the circumstances and challenges that they may also have experienced at their respective sites during that period. One of the key aspects there is actually the bridging therapy. Most clinical studies conducted in the space actually do restrict the type of bridging therapy you can use, which is the therapy between collection of the cells and actually dosing of the cells. And by restricting those therapeutic options for the bridging therapy, obviously, it helps you select the patients that have — can manage with a certain type of bridging therapy.

But at the same time, if you imagine this situation in the midst of pandemic, it also would have been very, very challenging if we had actually basically put that in place. So, different from studies in the past. We actually allowed any type of bridging other than Blincyto or CD19-targeting T-cell engager, but any other therapeutic actually was allowed in the bridging therapy. And we did do that because we needed to make sure the physicians had every possibility to manage the patients given the unforeseen nature and the challenges that many of these institutions were facing and with that, actually making sure you can keep the patients safe and properly manage the patients. So that’s a key element. And of course, what that also means is that the data we’re seeing is very much a reflection of the real-world setting.

The same is true, obviously, in terms of the types of patients included. I mentioned that before, where we have very low disease burden that you have extremely high disease burden or you have disease in areas outside of the bone marrow where the disease tends to be very challenging to manage. In all of those cases is where the patients present, and you need to understand actually what the product does in those patients. And one of the strengths of the FELIX study is it actually provides data for all of these risk categories and with that, gives valuable information to the physicians on what to expect with a particular patient and manifestation of the disease in that patient. Slide #12, we did actually look at sort of the change in disease burden in these patients as we are comparing the disease burden at screening versus the disease burden at lymphodepletion.

And of course, this is an impact what you see here also of bridging therapy. And what’s quite remarkable is that from every level of tumor burden at bridging, you get to every other level of tumor burden at lymphodepletion. So, you can go from very low tumor burden of less than 5% being in minimal residual disease, you can go all the way up to 75% tumor burden. But also the reverse, you can have more than 75% tumor burden at screening and you can go below 5% at lymphodepletion. And it shows the variability of the disease and the dynamic nature of this disease and the impact of actual bridging therapy here for these patients. What was very striking to us, and this is what summarized on the next two slides is when we then actually look at the outcome of these patients dependent on the level of tumor burden at lymphodepletion.

And what’s quite striking when you look on Slide #13, is that going from a top line in blue where you have below 5% tumor burden to the middle line in green, which is between 5% and 75% tumor burden to the red line, which is above 75% tumor burden of lymphodepletion, you see there’s a profound impact on the event-free survival, as you would expect because there’s obviously a very different amount of tumor cells that have to be removed in these patients to drive outcome. Now, we see very clear differentiation. But remarkably, patients that are below 75% tumor burden tend to actually reach a plateau on the EFS, which is very encouraging when you think about the potential for long-term outcomes in these patients. Now, if we go to Slide #14, we also see an impact on the tumor burden on the actual adverse event profile, particularly with regards to immunological toxicities.

And what you can see on the left-hand side is a view on the cytokine release syndrome and ICANS in all patients. And you can see we had a very attractive profile having high-grade CRS in 2% of the patients and high-grade ICANS in 7% of the patients. This is very low. This is lower even than what was observed in these types of patients with a product like Blincyto. Now, when we look at the CRS by the blast count, the level of tumor burden at the time of lymphodepletion, you can see that there is clearly quite an interesting behavior here. We see, overall, as tumor burden increases, we see an increase in the overall adverse events with cytokine release syndrome of any grade going from 47% to 88%. However, we do see that consistently across the board the high-grade percentage of — for cytokine release syndrome is low.

It’s in the 3% to 4% range between 5% and close to 100% tumor burden. But in patients that have minimal residual disease, we actually have not observed any high-grade cytokine release syndrome in these patients. Now, very similar when we look at ICANS, first of all, I think it’s important to realize that the overall level of ICANS is relatively low also compared to other T cell engaging or CAR T approaches. But what we also do see here is the same picture that as tumor burden at lymphodepletion increases, we do see an increase in overall ICANS levels in these patients going from 8% to 43%. But even in the extreme high tumor burden patients who have more than 75% tumor burden, the high-grade ICANS is at 15%, which is comparable to a T cell engager.

Now, what’s also important, and this goes back to also the view that we had on the CRS, if we look at patients that have less than 5% tumor burden, we do not observe high-grade ICANS in these patients. In fact, the overall ICANS level is very low with 8% overall. So, it points to an impact of tumor burden at lymphodepletion, both on the outcome from a clinical activity perspective, both on an ORR perspective as well as on an EFS perspective, but also see very clear differentiation with regards to immunological toxicity and the risk of these patients experiencing immunological toxicity as a consequence of the therapy. So, this gives you actually an ability to anticipate for the physicians and plan accordingly for these patients. Moving to the sort of the sentinel view based on the ALLCAR19 and the FELIX Phase Ib data, and this is going to get us to Slide 16.

And so, what we’re looking at here on the left-hand side is the event-free survival, and we do see that the event-free survival with or without censoring for stem cell transplant or gives us a plateau that’s somewhere in the range of 35% to close to 45% here. And that obviously gives us a very attractive proposition because it suggests that indeed a significant proportion of the patients managed to get into a long-term remission. In these patients, you can see the longest observation with time we have with these patients is at 60 months or five years. When we look at the median overall survival or just the overall survival curve per se, what you do see, the median obviously gets crossed at around 16 months, but the actual story is the fact that we see a tail building and we have around 40% of the patients that are in — that are surviving, and it looks like the curve, as we’ve seen in EFS, is stabilizing suggesting that indeed we have long-term benefit for a proportion of the patients, which is very encouraging and something that, unfortunately, we have not been able to see with other therapeutic modalities in the past in this indication and in this — at this stage of the disease.

Moving to Slide 17. This is just a slightly different look where you just look at swim plots here and you see the corollary as well as we just looked at, obviously, depicted in a slightly different way. Now, if we look at the commercial launch readiness, which is sort of the, obviously, the key activity that we’re engaged in during the course of this year, while we’re working with the agencies through the review process for the product. Obviously, we have just updated you on the fact that we had this week that we got the MHRA inspection and approval of the — for the Nucleus facility and we filed the MAA in Europe as well. We expect to file an MAA in the U.K. with the MHRA as well. The timing still to be defined, but it’s going to be as soon as we can.

And then obviously, we have the FDA PDUFA date on November 16. So, this sets us up for very significant, very tangible, absolute progress through the course of this year for obe-cel and also planned data updates from — for obe-cel and additional follow-up data on the FELIX study in the midyear section, so the ASCO EHA timeframe, and then also at the end of the year at ASH. So, when we then think about sort of the possibility and the opportunities for expanding obe-cel into additional indications, there’s sort of two fundamental paths we can think about. One is to move more broadly into the oncology arena with different forms of B-cell malignancies and alternatively also look at the opportunity in autoimmune disease, where we know that the driving factor for those autoimmune diseases are autoreactive antibodies obviously driven by B cells and corresponding plasma cells.

In this — from this approach perspective, obviously, when we think about the life cycle management for obe-cel, it goes into two directions. There’s obe-cel itself. And then obviously, AUTO1/22, which is the dual targeting approach that we explored in pediatric patients, which gives us opportunity, particularly in those indications where we have established loss of CD19 antigen as a right of escape and that’s certainly shown in ALL, it’s clearly shown in [DLBCL] (ph). So there’s a very clear kind of directions for that type of a product. And with AUTO8, a combination of BCMA targeting with CD19, and obviously, that gives us an option for both moving towards the multiple myeloma segment or related diseases as well as plasma cell and B cell-mediated autoimmune diseases.

Now, we did — I did mention on slide — earlier and here on Slide 22 that we have opened the CARLYSLE study and we’re enrolling patients. This is really a dose confirmation study. And as a backdrop, I think it’s important to understand that the product that is sort of referenced and really has opened up the opportunity for CD19 CAR T products in autoimmune disease at the University of Erlangen, which is a study that was done by Georg Schett and Andreas Mackensen, actually comes from a product that was initially set up for patients with pediatric ALL. And the product has a lot of similarity in its structure. If you look at the chimeric antigen receptor with Kymriah and Breyanzi has a different manufacturing process compared to both of those commercial products.

The properties of the product actually are quite well known, and it has allowed us to actually compare our pediatric data to the pediatric data that was obtained at the University of Erlangen and we do see a very nice match in terms of the overall data as we had seen with Kymriah, as you may remember, for — in the CARPALL study. So, very high levels of molecular CRs, comparable, superimposable very similar levels of long-term outcome, very comparable levels of long-term persistence. So, the product in Erlangen is a long-term persisting CAR T product, which in pediatric patients also has persistence of two to three years or longer, very similar to what we’ve seen with obe-cel. And of course, as we have seen with Kymriah before, obviously, the safety profile that we have with obe-cel, obviously, is better because of the different way of engaging the CD19 antigen.

All of this is done at the exact same dose level that was used with obe-cel in the pediatric studies, which is 1 million cells per kilogram. So, we know that our profile is absolutely overlapping on actual clinical data in pediatric ALL patients with the product that was actually ultimately then used in the autoimmune patients in Erlangen. Now, the additional point, I think, here is that because we obviously know what the dose is, and we have a lot of safety data, obviously, from our product at that level, what we’re doing now is moving the product into a single dose rather than actually have a — fixed dose rather than having a weight-based dosing, which is 1 million cells per kilogram, which you have to do in children because of the wide range of body size that you actually have between one-year-olds and young adults.

Obviously, here in autoimmune diseases, we’re dealing with typically with young adults or adults in general. And so, we can actually pick a fixed dose and which simplifies the operation at the clinical center, and it reduces any possible dosing errors that could happen as a consequence of a variable dosing regimen. So, we’re exploring, therefore, confirming the fixed dose here at [50 million] (ph) cells in six patients. And with that, we believe we’re actually well set to then take the next step and move this product forward and towards a pivotal study. So, this is a quick update on the study and what we’re intending to do with it, but also I think the reference to how it sort of relates to the original data that was generated in the field.

I think is important also to understand that we do not have to speculate whether our profile of our product is appropriate for these patients. We know it’s exactly the same profile from an efficacy perspective. So, when we then look into other pipeline programs and technologies, obviously, you all remember there’s a number of programs that are ongoing and we keep on — we’ll keep updating you on these programs as they progress in their early clinical studies, particularly obviously also AUTO6NG, AUTO9 we’ll be transitioning into a clinical study as well during the course of this year. So with that, I’d like to hand over for the financial results to Rob.

Rob Dolski: Thanks, Christian, and I’m going to be on Slide 26, the financial summary. Good morning or good afternoon to everyone. It’s my pleasure to review our financial results for the full year 2023. Our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2023, totaled $239.6 million as compared to $382.4 million at December 31, 2022. Our total operating expenses net for the year ended December 31, 2023, were $179.7 million as compared to $143.4 million for the same period in 2022. Our research and development expenses increased from $117.4 million to $130.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to the same period in 2022. This change was primarily due to increases in operating costs related to the company’s new manufacturing facility, contractual milestone payments and headcount-related costs, as well as a decrease in our U.K. reimbursable R&D tax credits claimed through the U.K. small- and medium-sized entity scheme.

These were partly offset by decreases in clinical and manufacturing costs associated with the obe-cel clinical program. Please note, in prior years, Autolus reported the R&D tax credits as income tax benefits on the statement of operations. The company has revised its financial presentation, including the prior years, and will now present such tax credits as a reduction in R&D and development expense. As a result, income tax benefit has reduced by $19.5 million and $24.6 million for the years ending December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, with the corresponding reductions in research and development expenses and total operating expenses. Moving on to general admin. Our expenses increased from $31.9 million to $46.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2023 compared to the same period in 2022.

This increase was primarily due to an increase in general administrative headcount, supporting the overall growth of the business, primarily related to pre-commercialization activities. Our net loss attributable to ordinary shareholders was $208.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2023, compared to $148.8 million for the same period in 2022. Autolus estimates that with its current cash and cash equivalents and proceeds received from the strategic alliance with BioNTech and our equity financing, we are well capitalized to drive the full launch and commercialization of obe-cel in relapsed/refractory adult ALL as well as advance our pipeline development plans, which includes providing runway to data in our first pivotal study of obe-cel in autoimmune disease.

I’ll now hand things back to Christian to wrap up with a brief outlook on expected milestones. Christian?

Christian Itin: Thanks, Rob. So, a quick look on Slide 28 on the planned news flow. Obviously, clearly, a significant focus on obe-cel delivery. First, on data, as I mentioned, we’re planning to update at the ASCO, EHA and ASH this year. This is going to be sort of the June and December timeframes. We’re planning to submit to the U.K. MHRA, a marketing authorization application in the second half of this year. We know, obviously, our PDUFA target action date, November 16 this year. And we plan to show the first data from our SLE Phase 1 study in — towards the end of this year. In addition, obviously, there will be updates on AUTO8 expected for the end of this year, as well as opportunities, certainly, for publications during the course of this year on a number of our programs.

So, this is kind of a quick update on the planned news flow. And in terms of summary, going to Slide 30, obviously, we’re in a very strong position with the company. We’ve been executing very consistently during the entirety of the last two years. We’ve continued on this exact same pace into 2024, and we continue to do so. We have a strong cash position in the business. As indicated, pro forma, we sort of started the year with north of $800 million in the bank between the year-end cash, the BioNTech transaction and the equity raise that we conducted at the beginning of February. And obviously, this gives us a very strong base to not only drive our lead program forward onto the market and through the launch, but also expand the opportunity beyond.

In addition to, obviously, opportunity to expand from a pipeline perspective also through the options granted to BioNTech. I think when we think about the capabilities we’ve built, we are obviously in a very good position with regards to our commercial manufacturing capabilities. That’s been an enormous lift over the last — course of last year. It was also a very significant investment that we have conducted through in that period. Obviously, those costs, obviously, are going down because a lot of the obvious capital expense-related costs obviously have some — are behind us. And with that, we see sort of a shift of expense moving from the setup costs for the facility, completion of the pivotal study in ALL moving over to launch-related launch preparation-related costs.

So that’s sort of the key swing that we’ll see as we go through the course of this year. And I think we have significant opportunity with the pipeline and also with obe-cel to expand from an indication perspective and also from an overall product opportunity perspective. So, overall, I think we’re in a great spot. I think great outlook for this year. And we’re looking forward to taking your questions. Thank you.

See also 16 Snowiest States in The US and 20 Most Fluent English Speaking Countries In The World.

Q&A Session

Operator: Thank you. [Operator Instructions] Our first question comes from James Shin with Deutsche Bank. Your line is open.

James Shin: Hi. Good morning, guys. Can you hear me? I’m on a bus. I apologize if there’s any background noise.

Christian Itin: No worries, loud and clear. Hi, James.

James Shin: Hi, Christian. A question on the MHRA approval. Did their inspection have any overlap with the FDA or EMA or any other upcoming inspections? And then, I have a follow-up on obe-cel for lupus and ALL.

Christian Itin: Right. So, the MHRA inspection and license is a prerequisite for us as a company to be able to export whether this is going to be to the U.S. or to the EU. So, it is independent and separate from a U.S. FDA perspective, but it is linked to the European filing. In fact, it is a prerequisite for the European filing. And it is actually the fact that the facility has to actually have a certificate from the MHRA to be even to file with the European agency. So that’s obviously where it’s directly linked to the European side, and it is a necessity for the U.S. side, but independent of the DLA — of the FDA review of the facility.

James Shin: Is there any overlapping metrics from the MHRA inspections with FDA inspection by chance?

Christian Itin: Well, first of all, obviously, the fundamentals are the same. And this is all around the GMP manufacturer and the guidelines associated with GMP manufacturing. So, the basis for the inspection, the basis for review is the same basis. So, there’s no difference there. But there are two independent bodies that actually do their independent reviews, whereas in the Europe, the European agency relies on the MHRA’s reviews.

James Shin: Understood. And then, as you prepare for obe-cel ALL launch, a lot of oncologists we’ve spoken to is focused on quality products in a timely manner, given the buyer condition of the patient. And if you look at some of the peer cell therapy launches, there’s been some pickup. What is Autolus doing to make sure or what have you learned from these peer launches to avoid some of these pitfalls?

Christian Itin: Yeah. I mean it’s absolutely a relevant question. And in fact, when we talk to physicians and our ad boards, the top question coming back or the top point coming back is, we need access to product. And so, the ability to get access to product, to get slots, to get the product in time is absolutely critical. It’s a reflection of some of the challenges that the centers experience with prior launches. So, we spent a lot of time, obviously, optimizing our systems, minimizing the turnaround time will be in terms of delivery time at around 16 days at the time of launch. And we’re also going to do, obviously, full runs from each one of the centers through the entire chain to ensure that from every center, actually, the flow and the processes are fully operational before launch, before we’re getting to launch.

So, there’s going to be not only the processes have been adjusted, that be simplified, but also it’s going to be a whole bunch of dummy runs from all of those centers to ensure that, indeed, all the aspects of that journey actually are fully vetted and fully tested for each individual center.

James Shin: Appreciate that. And then finally, on CARLYSLE, have you looked or depleted any of the six or the first six patients? And then what are the gating factors to get the subsequent six patients?

Christian Itin: So we haven’t guided actually on dosing or not dosing. The study is open. It’s enrolling. The study itself is not a dose escalation study, so we don’t have DLT periods and we’re not limited by sort of the typical Phase 1 dose-finding studies, which they have to go through review processes in the industry. So, we have an ability to actually enroll all of these six patients as they become available. But we don’t have limitations from the study design that would sort of actually gate or slow down the process.

James Shin: Appreciate it. I’ll yield to the floor. Thank you.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot, James. Appreciate it.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from Asthika Goonewardene with Truist. Your line is open.

Unidentified Analyst: Hi, guys. This is Karina for Asthika. Thanks for taking the question. So. I had a question on the FELIX update at ASCO. Besides the longer follow-up, what new data can we expect in this presentation, and also will it be able to be paint a clear picture of what obe-cel can do in terms of like the favorable impact for patient outcomes without a need for transplant?

Christian Itin: So, in terms of the — thanks, Karina. In terms of the FELIX study and what we’re expecting to do, obviously, there is quite a significant level of information within the FELIX study that we haven’t actually really worked through or presented yet the impact of bridging in more detail, what are the components that matter there. There are other components as well, obviously longer follow-up as well, and there’s other risk factors and risk categories that actually start to see as you go through the data that I think are very helpful and I think very informative. So, there’s going to be additional sub-analysis, longer-term view, but also additional sub-analysis that we’re going to be — we’ll be presenting during the course of this year.

So that’s the first part. The second part is actually we also have been looking at the impact of transplantation. That’s certainly also an area that we’re planning to sort of report on as we go through the course of this year. Obviously, an interesting question there is do we think it is actually — does it look like it’s actually improving the outcomes, or do we actually have a different type of outcome here. And those are questions we’re evaluating, and we’ll certainly are reporting as we go through the course of this year, if not at ASCO then certainly at ASH.

Unidentified Analyst: And the data presentations for EHA and ASH later on that’s just an encore of the ASCO presentation?

Christian Itin: No, the presentations are — some are related, but there’s not — the abstracts are not identical between the two. They may share some of the data, but in terms of the focus is slightly different.

Unidentified Analyst: Okay. Got it. Thank you so much.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot, Karina.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from Gil Blum with Needham & Company. Your line is open.

Gil Blum: Hey, good morning and good afternoon. Thanks for taking our questions. So first question kind of focusing on the bridging aspect in the study. This is something that has also recently come up in the advisory committee materials for ABECMA and CARVYKTI. It looked like bridging had a pretty important impact on patient survival even before you got there, treatment. In many ways, maybe the fact that you allowed physicians to pick their bridging may have actually assisted you here. And how can you optimize bridging? Is there like a study to be done here?

Christian Itin: It’s a really good question. I think, first of all, the situation is obviously a bit different between multiple myeloma, adult ALL and multiple myeloma, which is the progression of disease is much less rampant, much less significant in terms of the speed of deterioration as you would have in ALL. ALL obviously can go as you have seen, you have patients go from minimal residual disease to more than 75% tumor burden. I mean, that gives you a sense of the explosiveness of the disease. So, bridging is obviously something that we have to do in these patients. Otherwise, the tumor burden actually gets overwhelming and in of itself becomes a limitation in these patients. But as you could see, obviously, the impact can be that you either have no — see no impact whatsoever and the patient just go straight over, stays about 75%.

These are — certainly, you would call this refractory in the very functional — as a very functional determination. But you also may have patients that actually transiently may actually have a significant decrease in tumor burden between involvement and the actual dosing. And that does have an impact in the sense that the level of tumor burden as lymphodepletion. So right before your dosing, obviously, it seems to actually have quite a significant impact and outcome. And this is the data that we have shown and we just walked through a little earlier. So that is absolutely true. That is what you do see. And it seems better correlated than actually the tumor burden at the time of screening or inclusion because that obviously is somewhat arbitrary.

It just happens to be when you actually see the patient, determine the level of tumor burden and that obviously could be at any level in the relapse. And so, at the time of bridging, obviously, that gives you much more relevant information. It’s part of the therapy. It’s always been part of the therapy in ALL. Even when you look at other therapies at times, if you have excessive tumor burden, you would actually first need to with a short course of chemotherapy to push down tumor burden [indiscernible] before you dose. So one of the things we have done during inside the development and certainly was important to also not only improve or have a chance for outcome in that approach, but also to reduce the risk for very severe adverse events. So, it is an integral part.

And what we certainly will do is over time is probably look at different types of bridging and whether we might actually see differences there. So that’s certainly a part of the analysis we’re also still running through the trial, I think we actually post, I think, opportunities for also potentially investigating sponsored study [eventually] (ph).

Gil Blum: Okay. And switching to autoimmunity, you mentioned that there are a lot of similarities between obe-cel and the German [ISD] (ph) assets. There are a couple of other companies out there who also have very similar programs to the German ISD. What would you say is a differentiator between your program and other programs? And what do you think is your key advantage?

Christian Itin: Well, the first thing, I think, which is interesting is that it’s not — I think, is that we can make a statement to our product as it stands, how that may compare to others, I think, is very difficult because, for the most part, we don’t have data to compare to. But we do have data to compare our product to the product that was used in Erlangen and that is relevant because that gives us a very clear understanding of the features that a product in Erlangen had versus ours and with that the predictability for outcome. I think that is relevant. And I think what we do see also compared to the Erlangen program is that as we have seen prior in the pediatric ALL patients is going to compare the CARPALL study to the ELIANA study from a safety perspective, there’s a very significant difference there.

Where we have none of the cases actual experience high-grade CRS, where compared to 47%. We have patients with high-grade CRS in the ELIANA study, virtualized were conducted within a very short period of time, actually overlapping each other as well. So, the same environment, same way of treating patients and managing safety, et cetera. So, we do know that we have a quite a significant difference there and that difference also was observed and was observable when comparing to the program that was running in Erlangen on the pediatric patients, which obviously was sort of prior to the work that we all know about on the obe-cel side.

Gil Blum: All right. And maybe a last one on this topic. So, most discussions that we’ve had on the use of cell therapy and autoimmune diseases, suggest that only a relatively small window of deep B cell aplasia needed to “reset” the immune system. I mean, I guess that’s one kind of hypothesis that is out there, but I’m sure you have maybe a different view on that.

Christian Itin: Yeah. It’s interesting. There’s obviously a lot of hypotheses and that sort of gets me back to actually what we know works. And so what we know works is a product that is a long positioning product in pediatric ALL when used in autoimmune patients, which have a very active immune system as a consequence, the persistence, of course, is shorter than in highly uncompromised pediatric ALL patients. That you do see that, that product with that type of properties gives us the type of outcome we’re seeing to suggest that a product that wouldn’t actually be active in pediatric ALL would be able to do the — get a significant outcome in — of the immune patients, I think it’s a postulate you can set up, but certainly, there’s no data that would support that at this point.

So, what we know is that a long persisting CAR T program, it gives you the right outcome that we were looking for. We know our product has exactly those properties. And I think everything else, people will have to actually run trials and actually figure that out. But it is not, I think, very easily understandable for why you would make that correlation if you start with a product that is not — may not be really active or substantially active in pediatric ALL and then conclude that it would still work in autoimmune. It may, but I think at this point, it’s sort of a statement in the absence of data.

Gil Blum: All right. Thanks for taking our questions.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot, Gil.

Operator: Our next question comes from Eric Yeung with William Blair. Your line is open.

Eric Yeung: Hi. Eric on for Matt Phipps. I was wondering, firstly, with the additional cash on the balance sheet, I was wondering how you’re thinking about obe-cel development in other lymphoma indications. And if you plan on enrolling any additional patients within NHL or CLL?

Christian Itin: Thanks, Eric, for joining. So, we are currently looking at quite a range of indications and we’re sort of looking at where we want to actually put our bets down. And we’re clear we’re going to have at least one pivotal study in autoimmune. And we’re looking whether — where there would be a second autoimmune pivotal study or whether we’re going to be running, a, oncology study in one of the non-Hodgkin’s indications. And that’s currently actually under evaluation, that’s not yet decided. But we’re probably going to generate some additional data also for obe-cel in the non-Hodgkin’s indication to sort of round out the experience that we have made so far.

Eric Yeung: Great. And then just an additional question. So, I know you’ve had to do next-generation sequencing on patients for enrollment in AUTO4 and AUTO5 and that paper you guys published in the [Blood Journal Cancer] (ph) on the TRBC1 and 2 staining, I was wondering if you think that paper could be supportive of a potential companion diagnostic for AUTO4 and 5?

Christian Itin: It’s a really good question. And that’s obviously the reason why we’ve been working together with the parties we had on the paper. That obviously, if you can move away from NGS and go to an antibody that you can actually use and with classical staining, that obviously would simplify the approach and probably also accelerate it, because obviously, if you go with NGS, you actually you need to have the sequences, you need have the right primers, et cetera, specific and then actually run the analysis, it’s not trivial. This could be easier, and it also would actually allow you to include the staining procedures in a more standard panel of stains that we’d be using to characterize tumors. It may actually lead to already a determination of TRBC status in patients ahead of even having — basically include them in a therapeutic approach.

We have it like you have CD19 and other markers or standard markers to analyze, have them actually move also in that direction. And of course, as you point out, it gives you the opportunity for companion diagnostic based on staining procedures.

Eric Yeung: Great. Thank you.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot, Eric.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from Yanan Zhu with Wells Fargo. Your line is open.

Yanan Zhu: Great. Thanks for taking our questions. First on SLE, I know you mentioned you’re not guiding for dosing or not dosing. I’m curious about the level of interest at your first clinical site. And also, regarding your guidance for data late 2024, I was wondering about the number of patients at the time of readout and the duration of follow-up. Do you have a minimal kind of duration for follow-up? Thanks.

Christian Itin: Thanks, Yanan, and thanks for joining. So first of all, the study we’re conducting in the U.K. and in Spain. In the U.K., there are actually no competing studies for these types of patients. So that puts us in a good position and one where we think actually we have obviously, a very sort of interesting standout feature around the study and opportunity for patients. In terms of data end of the year, we obviously are expecting that we can involve the six patients, and we are able to report on those six patients, how much follow-up we’ll have of them. I think that’s premature to sort of point to. But the goal would be to actually have the cohort enrolled and then report on data from that cohort.

Yanan Zhu: Great. Thanks for those color. On FELIX, wondering for the mid-year data update. Would the data be a pooled analysis? Or would it be the pivotal cohort? Also, since you commented on your real-world bridging therapy strategy, I was wondering, does that have any implication for FDA review. Thanks.

Christian Itin: Yeah, really good question. So, in terms of the data update, obviously, as I indicated, we’re looking, in particular, at different risk groups within the data set, so that’s going to be a key focus. And I think we’re going to be — obviously, the general update will be likely across the entire study because from a physicians’ perspective, that outlook is actually what’s really relevant because that reflects the patients that you would actually see in actual practice. And so, we’re probably going to report on that as a reference point referencing back to the ASH data. The bridging itself, obviously, is relevant in the sense that the analysis that you can run is sort of in two different ways and different agencies take different positions on it.

You have to look at the analysis based on the tumor burden that’s screening, which is basically, frankly, at the time point where any physician can look at the patients and you focus on the patients that have more than 5% tumor burden. Those are the morphological patients that’s the intent to treat. That’s certainly the position or the primary focus you’ll see with the European agency as of the primary view, which is to the physician’s view. This is when the physician can make a decision, okay, this is the patient that gets included, what is the outcome related to that. And then, when you look at the review process for Blincyto as well as for Tecartus, the focus the FDA has is more on the patients that actually have 5% tumor burden at the time point of dosing.

And so that would be 5% at lymphodepletion, and it would be that category of patient, which is the primary group for assessment. So, the difference is and some different views that are taken in terms of analyzing data, and it really depends on the agency. But that’s the fundamental difference on what we’re seeing based on prior review history in the space.

Yanan Zhu: Great. Appreciate the color. Thank you.

Christian Itin: Thanks a lot. All right. If we have no more — oh, sorry. Please go ahead.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from Kelly Shi with Jefferies. Your line is open.

Unidentified Analyst: Hi. This is Dev on for Kelly. I have a couple of questions. One is you did analysis on obe-cel and German product, which is similar. Can you talk about what kind of patient baseline you’re thinking about enrolling in your study? And for data presentation, are you thinking of presenting at that medical conference?

Christian Itin: Yeah. So, when we look at the patients that we’re enrolling in the study, we’re rolling patients that have obviously our lupus patients that have or do not have the kidney involvement. So both manifestations, we do see. We do have patients as that’s done in the Erlangen study that will have at least one organ involvement in these patients. So, it’s very much track alongside what you have seen and read about in the publications from the Erlangen team. So, it’s a very comparable patient population that we’re enrolling in terms of inclusion/exclusion criteria. The plan would be for us to see that we can have our first data at one of the medical conferences at the end of the year. So that would be the plan.

Unidentified Analyst: Great. Thank you.

Christian Itin: Thank you very much.

Operator: Thank you. Our next question comes from Jacob Mekhael with KBC Securities. Your line is open.

Jacob Mekhael: Hi there, and thanks for taking my question. I have a few if that’s okay. First, I have a question on the option agreement with BioNTech on AUTO1/22 and AUTO6NG. What do you need to show or reach with those programs to trigger and opt-in from BioNTech? That’s my first question. And then perhaps more, a very broad question on autoimmunity here. Given the larger patient population we’re talking about, from your point of view, what needs to happen in the CAR T ecosystem to ensure that if approved, those treatments — or there is enough capacity in the ecosystem to ensure that those patients have access to those treatments? Thank you.

Christian Itin: Thanks, Jacob. I think two very good questions. So first of all, with regards to the option agreements on AUTO1/22 and AUTO6NG with BioNTech, the option really is structured such that the options have to be exercised before we start our pivotal studies with those programs. So, it’s actually triggered by progression, it’s not defined by a defined outcome or a defined certain level of activity. It’s the actual decision to move forward into pivotal study. So that’s the latest time point for the exercise. It could happen before, but that’s the latest time point. So that’s the sort of the option exercise question. In terms of the breadth with regards to autoimmune indications, I think the first observation is that we expect that the initial application for CAR T will really be in what you — often refer to as the more refractory type of population in those indications.

So that’s intrinsically a small — a relatively small part of the overall autoimmune indication that you’d be looking at. So, you have the overall lupus population, you may look at a few hundred thousand patients, but actually will be expect to go in and to sort of be amenable for a CAR T approach that may be in the few thousands. So, it is a smaller subset. And we expect that to be true also with some of the other indications. So from that perspective and moving into this disease setting, we would expect that capacity actually and the ability to serve is doable and will be there. One of the questions will be ultimately with some of the other indications is, how overall you would actually be able to go into these indications and have an adequate value proposition for these patients.

And I think that’s something we still need to learn on how far into these earlier stages or less severe stages of disease, is it sensible to actually bring in a therapy like a CAR T therapy. And I think that’s something we’ll be frank, that we still need to figure out and we need to generate data in the field, to get a better understanding of sort of where the right place and how broad that position can be. The initial positioning, we believe, is very well servable with the current types of infrastructures and technologies.

Jacob Mekhael: All right. Thank you very much. Thank you. Appreciate it.

Operator: Thank you. That’s all the time we have for questions. I’d like to turn the call back over to Christian Itin for closing remarks.

Christian Itin: Well, thank you very much for joining today. Obviously, great to have an opportunity to really review, I think, all the progress we’ve been able to go through the course of last year and into this year. A lot more to come this year. We appreciate the continued support and interest, and wish you all a great upcoming period and looking forward to connecting in person again. Thank you.

Operator: Thank you for your participation. This does conclude the program. You may now disconnect. Everyone, have a great day.