Aradhana Sarin: Thank you for the question relating to the FX. So again, we did give some sensitivity analysis relating to what the FX impact is. I think your question was also relating to what the FX impact is on the Alexion business. So in our — in the AstraZeneca business, most of our manufacturing costs are actually in pounds and Swedish kroner that’s where most of our manufacturing is located. For the Alexion business as well, actually most of their manufacturing is located in Ireland. So it’s euro denominated as well as sourced from other CMOs, which are also outside the U.S. So I think that’s — those are the currency impact that you would have on the cost line.
Pascal Soriot: Thank you. Adam Karlsson, ABG.
Adam Karlsson: Hi, thanks for taking my questions. A couple of would now got data for us we in the maternal setting. So I wanted to get your thoughts on how you feel nirsevimab compared to thinking in particular on the relevance of the efficacy drop off with RSV between 3 and 6 months. Secondly, Pfizer have talked up the value of their vaccine providing protection right from birth. Although I guess this potential advantage would have been reflected in the data seen so far. Your thoughts on this? And specifically, what is your expectation around when and where post birth nirsevimab will be administered? Could it be already in the hospital or birth center for discharge? And just finally, if I could squeeze in a final one on nirsevimab zooming out a little bit.
Any updates on the anticipated timeline for bringing nirsevimab to the adult setting? And with the competitive picture in RSV now crystallizing, has that influenced how you think about or let’s say your interest in behalf of the U.S nirsevimab profits you previously held rights to? Thank you.
Pascal Soriot: Thank you, Adam. So I will ask, Iskra to cover those questions. On the adult form, really our priority is pediatrics . And I don’t think we would want to talk about the adult formulation. The key priority for this product is really the pediatric front.
Iskra Reic: Absolutely. We are very pleased with the recent approvals of the — in Europe and in U.K. And we are very much focusing on bringing nirsevimab to the infants and working with regulators, the other regulators, and also with the payers to make sure that we bring it across the globe. I think it’s good to remind everybody on the exciting data we recently presented and that — and then put that in the context of the maternal vaccine as per your question. So if you remember, we represented our data and pull the analysis of MELODY and MEDLEY showing 79.5 efficacy against all lower respiratory tract infection in the infants and very importantly during the — throughout the whole season. And if you look at the high-level data of the maternal vaccine, it seems that the efficacy against low respiratory tract infection is decreasing over the time and it is increasing around month number three on month number four.
Now, if you think about the way how antibody applied versus maternal vaccination, before dose will basically be given to the infant either at the time of birth, if in the season or later on in the beginning of the season. And based on our data, in both cases infants will be fully protected throughout the whole season. And the maternal vaccination, it depends when the mothers are vaccinated. And that definitely means that with the diminishing efficacy, after 3 or 4 months, many of the infants may not have the full protection throughout the season which I believe makes a significant difference between the antibody and the maternal vaccination. Part of your question is around where the nirsevimab will be initiated. I mean, on one side, I think you understand that that obviously depends on how different health care systems are set across the geography.
But equally as mentioned, it can be administered either at birth in the hospital, if it’s within the season, or later on at any point either in hospital or at the primary care
