Aqua Metals, Inc. (NASDAQ:AQMS) Q4 2022 Earnings Call Transcript March 9, 2023
Operator: Greetings, and welcome to the Aqua Metals Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2022 Investor Call. At this time, all participants are in a listen-only mode. A question-and-answer session will follow the formal presentation. As a reminder, this conference is being recorded. It’s now my pleasure to turn the call over to Bob Meyers of Investor Relations. Thank you. You may begin.
Bob Meyers: Thank you, operator. And thank you everybody for joining. Earlier today, Aqua Metals issued a press release providing an operation update and discussing financial results for the fourth quarter and full year ended December 31, 2022. This release is available on the Investor Relations section on the company’s website at www.aquametals.com. Hosting the call today are Steve Cotton, President and Chief Executive Officer; Judd Merrill, the company’s Chief Financial Officer; Ben Taecker, Chief Engineering and Operating Officer; and Dave McMurtry, Chief Business Officer. Before we begin, I would like to remind participants that, during the call, management will be making forward-looking statements. Please refer to the company’s report on Form 10-K filed today, March 9, for a summary of the forward-looking statements, and the risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those forward-looking statements.
Aqua Metals cautions investors not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements. The company does not undertake and specifically disclaims any obligation to update or revise such statements to reflect new circumstances or unanticipated events as they occur except as required by law. As a reminder, after the formal remarks, we will be taking questions. Questions will be accepted over the phone from analysts and other investors can submit a question using the online webcast portal provided in today’s and last week’s press release. We will take as many questions as we can in our available time slot. And with that, I’d like to turn the call over to Steve Cotton, CEO of Aqua Metals. Steve, the call is yours.
Steve Cotton: Thank you, Bob. And thank you to everyone who joined us today. The fourth quarter of 2022 capped a watershed year for Aqua Metals with several new milestones surpassed and continued progress scaling our innovative battery recycling technology, which we call AquaRefining. While we finished improving our lithium AquaRefining technology at both lab and bench scales earlier in the year, in the fourth quarter, we completed as guided the installation of our pilot scale facility and commenced operations. As a result, we are now recovering high purity metals through a first-of-its-kind regenerative electoral hydrometallurgy process. The input to our process is from black mass, which is made by our supply partners from spent lithium ion batteries.
Our progress enables us to continue advancing our discussions with prospective partners as we share samples of key products, such as our directly recycled lithium hydroxide for high performance batteries at representative industrial scale. Our continued progress during Q4 affirms our confidence that this will be a transformative year for Aqua Metals as we move from concept to production and from a vision of clean metals recycling to operations and revenue. I couldn’t be more proud of the work our entire team is performing and have never been more confident in our company and our prospects for the future. The era of lithium ion batteries is upon us. From electric passenger and delivery vehicles to energy storage systems and portable devices, lithium ion batteries are everywhere.
We are now at the precipice of the transition from the economy primarily powered by fossil fuels to one built upon clean energy sources and the required critical minerals to repeatedly store and then release that energy. But even as the extraction of resources like lithium, nickel and cobalt ramps up globally, many of these metals are in very short supply, as battery manufacturing capacity continues to grow, and forecasts show these supply shortages continuing for years to come. While new recycling manufacturing capacity takes only a couple of years to build, new mines and refining capacity could take a decade or more to come online. Recycling at scale will be essential to satisfying the meteoric growth in demand for lithium batteries. So we believe the current and many proposed recycling solutions are not viable long term.
Current pyro and hydrometallurgy recycling systems are just too costly and inefficient and produce untenable amounts of pollution and landfill waste. Recycling one ton of black mass simply can’t require the use of multiple tons of chemicals or result in multiple tons of waste and pollution and still be effective or sustainable. Our lithium AquaRefining plant is demonstrating that a closed loop sustainable recycling solution that eliminates the need for polluting furnaces and intensive chemical processes is not only possible, but it can be more adoptable and cost effective. By using electricity as the primary reagent to our patently unique and innovative combination of low temperature hydrometallurgy and electroplating, we can dramatically reduce our energy consumption and eliminate as much as 95% of the waste associated with pyro and hydro recycling and truly close the supply chain loop in a sustainable way.
We also believe that AquaRefining is now the only proven battery recycling technology that can produce lithium hydroxide at scale, instead of making lithium carbonate or other lithium salts. Hydroxide is also consistently more valuable than carbonate in metals markets. This unique ability to generate lithium hydroxide natively with our AquaRefining process significantly increases the value of each tonne of black mass that we process today and it enhances our ability to economically process nickel and cobalt free chemistries like lithium iron phosphate for LFP batteries in the future. Our pilot plant operates in the heart of the domestic supply battery chain in the Tahoe-Reno Industrial Center near many key players in Nevada’s lithium loop. As we continue to advance operations at our pilot and develop our recently announced commercial campus, we are also building a partnership ecosystem.
We have secured a black mass to scale our operations through agreements with leading feedstock suppliers, and are turning that material into saleable products and samples for ongoing partnership and advanced offtaker discussions. All this progress shows that Aqua Metals is well positioned to lead as we begin to generate our first revenues from materials recovered from lithium ion batteries. We have broadened the participation from the senior team on today’s call, and I’m going to ask Judd to walk through the financials next, then I’ll turn the call over to Ben Taecker, our Chief Engineering and Operations Officer, to talk in more detail about the pilot plant and our engineering efforts. Lastly, I’ve asked Dave McMurtry, our Chief Business Officer, to join the call to discuss relationships and partnerships in our commercial initiatives and provide an update on activity to pursue grants within the Department of Energy.
So I’ll now turn the call over to Judd.
Judd Merrill : Thanks, Steve. Let me start my comments first with our balance sheet. As of December 31, 2022, we had total assets of $33.5 million and working capital of $10.9 million. We ended the year with total cash of approximately $7.1 million. And as a reminder, we expect to collect the remaining balance of 2500 Peru asset sale of approximately $12 million by the end of March. Part of the proceeds from this cash collection will be used to retire the $6 million non-dilutive note with Alpen we secured in 2022. Cash on hand and cash received from this asset sale significantly cover the cost related to our pilot plant and general corporate needs for the remainder of 2023. We also saw during 2022 an increase in property and equipment related to the equipment installed for our pilot plant and for equipment installed at ACME.
And subsequent to year-end, we completed the purchase of a building and property from an unaffiliated party located in TRIC for $4.275 million. The land total was approximately 5 acres and the building is approximately 21,000 square feet. The company intends to redevelop the existing building and install our first commercial scale lithium AquaRefining system. And the purchase was funded with a $3 million note. There were no other significant changes to our balance sheet since our last quarterly report. So, I’ll move on to the income statement. We had no commercial production during 2022 and, as a result, no significant revenues were generated during the year. Research and development costs increased by approximately 94% for 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021.
Again, these costs included expenditures made towards building out and commissioning our pilot facility. General and administrative expenses increased approximately 1% for the year ended December 31, 2022 compared to the year ended December 31, 2021. This was in line with expectation and guidance. Non-cash charges included in G&A, including stock comp, were approximately $2.5 million. For 2022, we had an operating loss of $15.6 million compared to an operating loss of $17.5 million for 2021. Our net loss for 2022 was $15.4 million or a negative $0.20 per basic and diluted share compared to a net loss $18.2 million or a negative $0.26 per basic and diluted share for 2021. The net loss in 2021 included an offset of insurance proceeds of approximately $4.8 million.
We continue to manage our cash utilization. Cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2022 was $11.1 million. Q4 cash needs were approximately $800,000 to $850,000 per month, as expected, and largely due to the addition of more employees and consultants as we invested more in lithium ion battery recycling technology. Net cash used in investing activities for the year was $3.4 million. This consisted mainly of $4.8 million utilized towards the purchase of property and equipment, $1.8 million proceeds from the sale of equipment, and $0.5 million utilized towards the additional investment in LiNaCO . Net cash provided by financing activities was $13.4 million for the year. This consisted of $6.5 million in net proceeds from the sale of Aqua Metals shares pursuant to the ATM and $5.9 million net proceeds from the bridge loan.
We have maintained a healthy balance sheet throughout 2022 and into 2023. Our year ending cash balance, expected lithium battery metals revenues, and asset sales in 2023 will support our current organization and pilot plant operations throughout the year. And with that, that concludes my remarks on the financials. I will now turn it back over to Steve.
Steve Cotton : Thanks, Judd. I’d now like to have Ben Taecker, our Chief Engineering and Operations Officer, speak about the pilot plant.
Ben Taecker: Thank you, Steve. As Steve mentioned, in December, we completed equipment installation and began operating our first-of-kind lithium AquaRefining battery recycling facility at our innovation center in the Tahoe-Reno Industrial Center. The facility is the first pilot scale electro hydrometallurgy battery recycling facility in North America. The fully automated pilot is operational, enabling clean, safe and immediate recovery of valuable critical minerals from spent lithium batteries. As a reminder, the facility utilizes electricity to recycle black mass rather than chemicals, fossil fuels and high temperature furnace operations. Our proprietary patent pending technology is a low emissions, closed loop recycling solution capable of recovering all valuable metals and minerals including high purity lithium hydroxide, cobalt, copper, nickel and manganese dioxide from lithium batteries.
Lithium AquaRefinery (sic) utilizes electroplating powered by electricity to recover metals, enabling low cost and efficient production of high purity products. In the weeks following the commission of this plant, we began successfully recovering critical battery metals from spent lithium ion batteries at production scale throughout our electoral hydrometallurgy process. The first product recovered was high purity copper, a metal that is essential to building a domestic battery manufacturing industry. More recently, we recovered high purity lithium hydroxide directly from lithium battery black mass. The recovery of lithium hydroxide significantly improved the economics of recycling both lithium ion batteries, as well as other battery chemistries, like lithium iron phosphate, or LFP, where lithium makes up a majority of the valuable material in the battery.
Over the coming weeks, we expect to recover nickel, cobalt and manganese dioxide, recycling all the valuable minerals within a common black mass feedstock. Because AquaRefining is designed to remove trace elements and recover these pure metals selectively, we believe that the design of our innovative lithium AquaRefining system can process feedstock with varying concentrations of minerals and adapt to future changes in lithium battery chemistries. I’d also like to emphasize the lithium hydroxide is often preferred over lithium carbonate or other lithium salts for cathode material and electric vehicles and energy storage systems due to its ease of use in manufacturing and superior electrochemical performance. We believe this aligns Aqua Metals with the current and future needs for our potential partners in the battery manufacturing ecosystem.
Our goal with the pilot is to demonstrate that lithium AquaRefining is an economically superior process that offers a low cost solution to recycle critical minerals and achieve net zero emissions. In addition, we have recently laid out a phased commercial development plan for our new recycling campus, with space for more than 10,000 metric tons per year of recycling capacity. Lastly, we have a lead AquaRefinery operation with our partner and licensee, ACME Metal, in Taiwan. ACME and Aqua Metals are currently in discussions about the next phase of that relationship. With that, I’ll turn it back over to you Steve.
Steve Cotton : Thanks, Ben. And thanks to you and your team for delivering on our vision and commitment, for getting our innovative pilot plant up and running. I hope many of you on this call can visit the plant over the next few months, as seeing it firsthand can really help and internalizing what we have created is truly special. I’d now like to have Dave McMurtry, our Chief Business Officer, speak to our commercial initiatives and partnerships. Because this is the first time Dave is participating in our quarterly update call, a quick intro. Dave was appointed Chief Business Officer in July 2022 from his previous role as chief strategist. He’s a talented Silicon Valley tech executive with experience in renewable energy and international market development. For the prior 25 years, Dave has held multiple global executive positions including with Intuit Inc. and Habitat for Humanity International.
Dave McMurtry: Thank you, Steve. As Steve noted, my passion for renewable energy led me to offer metals. And as a global business leader, I know our technology will make a lasting difference. Our team is strategically pursuing multiple paths to scale the growth of AquaRefining, which will reduce the need for mining. Our sustainably recycled lithium batteries can help ensure a robust supply of critical metals to meet the bipartisan infrastructure law and the Inflation Reduction Act’s ambitious goals for domestic content and enable us to share samples and advance our discussions with prospective partners in battery and cathode manufacturing. We have already signed a letter of intent with Dragonfly Energy Corporation, a lithium ion battery producer and a nearby neighbor here in the Tahoe-Reno area to provide Aqua Metals with spent lithium ion cells and manufacturing scrap as well as for the purchase of commercial quantities of lithium hydroxide from Aqua Metals.
Our expectation is that Dragonfly will deploy our lithium hydroxide in the next generation solid state lithium ion battery technologies and future manufacturing activities. Our goal now is to rapidly build out our partnership network. Dragonfly is a key example. We expect to add others both in the Reno-Tahoe area and globally. We are in an active discussions with cell manufacturers, black mass providers, cell component manufacturers and CAM, or cathode active material, manufacturers. Potential partners who have already reviewed our process flow sheets and mass balances under NDA have and will continue to visit our innovation center pilot plants. We have conducted demonstrations of our proprietary process, showing both the process firsthand and the resulting materials we recover from black mass.
We anticipate this will lead to additional partnerships. A key near-term focus is securing additional offtake partners to whom we can sell predefined quantities of recovered minerals at a predetermined pricing structure. This will close the loop on our own business model, giving us a steady supply of black mass and willing customers for recovered materials. Interest in our technology is increasing and this provides significant confidence as we look towards the remainder of 2023 and beyond. Finally, let me speak to our progress with grants, and specifically the Department of Energy. Recently, the DoE announced over $2.8 billion in grants in the first round of critical battery materials. Most of these grants went to parties in the general critical battery materials space, specifically extraction, processing and manufacturing.
We believe the completion and commissioning of our pilot plant operation, combined with a reasonably secured real estate for our 5-acre commercial scale recycling campus, opens the door for us to effectively pursue the upcoming round of grants and loans in 2023 both from the Department of Energy and the US Department of Agriculture, which we believe will have a greater focus on recycling. We have established a team of seasoned professionals to identify, apply for and pursue grants, and we expect we’ll have more to say about these efforts in the coming months. With that, I’ll turn the call back to Steve for closing comments.
Steve Cotton : Thanks, Dave. Dave mentioned our new commercial facility. Let me spend more time on that important topic. In mid-January, we entered into a $3 million loan agreement and purchased a building in McCarran, Nevada just east of Reno and not far from the Reno-Tahoe International Airport. And in fact, about a five minute drive from our lithium AquaRefining pilot plant at our Innovation Center. We intend to commence phased development of a 5-acre recycling campus developed at this site. Ultimately, this site should be able to process more than 20 million pounds of lithium ion battery material each year, representing significant revenue for us. We selected this site after a rigorous due diligence process and believe this will be ideal home for our initial commercial operations.
Nevada is the only US state with companies across every facet of the lithium battery supply chain, meaning mining, cell and battery pack manufacturing and now sustainable recycling. Our state-of-the-art recycling campus will be in Tahoe-Reno Industrial Center, the epicenter of the region’s growing battery ecosystem. Our first step, which is already underway, is modifying the existing building to meet our needs. We will install a commercial scale lithium AquaRefining system, capable of recycled 3,000 tonnes of lithium battery black mass each year. We expect to complete the redevelopment of the current phase and finalize equipment installation this year and to commence operations at the new campus in early 2024. Over time, we anticipate expanding with additional buildings on the 5-acre site, with space for up to 10,000 tons of processing power each year in one integrated campus complex.
In summary, we’re really excited about the progress we’ve made and we believe we are on pace for a transformative year in 2023. I’d now like to answer any questions with the team here that you may have. And we’ll turn over the call to our Investor Relations partner, FNK, to moderate.
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Q&A Session
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Operator: . And our first question comes from Sameer Joshi with H.C. Wainwright. Please state your question.
Sameer Joshi: Just a few clarifications on the partnerships. On the ACME front, you said next steps are being discussed. Can you give a little bit more information on what kind of steps are being contemplated there?
Steve Cotton: On ACME, the site is up and running as a showcase last quarter, which was just really several weeks ago, and now we’re doing showcase demonstrations with our partner there, ACME in Taiwan, to various stakeholders. And I’ll ask Ben to infill some further detail from the operations perspective.
Ben Taecker: We’re currently working with ACME to bring through key stakeholders, including key government agencies in the region of Taiwan, and working with them to find out our next steps which we should be announcing soon.
Sameer Joshi: On the Dragonfly front, I think you mentioned specifically solid state batteries that they’re planning to develop and manufacture and you will be supplying lithium hydroxide for that. Are your other targeted customers also in the solid state space or are they in the non-solid state spaces?
Steve Cotton: Yes. Our marketplace is not only solid state, such as the lithium iron phosphate, which is actually cobalt and nickel free for Dragonfly Energy, which we can talk about as well, but the overall market allows us to address multiple. And I’ll ask Dave McMurtry from the commercial perspective to infill that.
Dave McMurtry: Our first publicly announced deal was the letter of intent from Dragonfly, which, a little more information, we accept their manufacturing scrap and then we sell them the lithium hydroxide. We’re actually bringing through NDA and I can’t list through many of the similar companies to Dragonfly to come in and see similar partnerships where we take their scrap and return them with our offtake products.
Sameer Joshi: Just help us visualize what is exactly happening at the pilot plant. I think you mentioned high purity copper was produced and now you’re working on lithium hydroxide and then subsequently on nickel, cobalt and manganese dioxide. Is the same black mass used over and over again and you’re extracting these one at a time? Or how is it actually happening at the site?
Steve Cotton: I don’t know if I completely understand the question. But the black mass that we bring into the system, it’s a one pass through our operation, and we’re able to recover in the high 90% of all the metals in that black mass. And anything that we do not recover or leach out, it’s just a single pass through, it’s not a circular system,
Sameer Joshi: So, copper, nickel, cobalt, all these metals are extracted at the same go?
Steve Cotton: Yes. One pass through and we are able to fully recover each one of those. There’s different product cells, but they’re all in series. So as we remove the copper, then it goes to the next stage where we recover the next metal and so on.
Sameer Joshi: Just one more question on the actual results for the December quarter. It seems both the G&A as well as the R&D numbers are lower sequentially, and it is actually the lowest quarter of the year in terms of GAAP operating expenses. Should we expect these levels going forward? Or was there anything special in this quarter?
Judd Merrill: This is Judd. So, our R&D costs will actually go down in 2023. There’s a lot of R&D expense related to getting the pilot plant up and running. And so, now it’s just running things through that plant and getting ready for expansion in the future. G&A, we’ll see a slight increase. We were happy that, for the last three years, our G&A have been pretty close. Try to keep that cost in line. And we’ll see some of that increase as we’re expanding this year into pilot operations and trying to get ready for the new campus that we’re building out. We’ll see some of that increase as we go throughout 2023.
Operator: And our next question comes from Colin Ruschwith Oppenheimer.
Colin Rusch: Can you talk about where you’re expecting to exit the quarter from a cash position perspective? And then also, how much of that receivable you still have left? It looks like about $2.5 million that will still be there exiting the quarter?
Judd Merrill: We expect to be in a very healthy cash position by the end of this quarter. We ended the year with $7 million. We expect €“ it’s been communicated and even press release going out from the company buying the 2500 Peru location that that will close by the end of this month. So just three weeks from now, those funds will come in. And so, we should be in a really good, healthy cash position. That does a couple of things for us. It keeps our cash balance strong, which we’ve been successful in the last few years, always keeping a healthy cash balance. It helps us to fund our pilot operations and our G&A throughout the rest of the this year.
