Tim Cook: Yes. You know, the — let me try to answer a little bit of both and then Luca can add some comments to it. We announced a number of changes last week in Europe that would be in effect beginning in March. So, the last month of the first calendar quarter, the second fiscal quarter. Those are — some of the things that we announced include alternate billing opportunities, alternate app stores, our marketplaces, if you will. We’re also opening NFC for new capabilities for banking and wallet apps. And so, these are some of the things we announced. The — if you think about what we’ve done over the years is, we’ve really majored on privacy, security, and usability. And we’ve tried our best to get as close to the past in terms of the things that are — that people love about our ecosystem as we can, but we are going to fall short of providing the maximum amount that we could supply, because we need to comply with the regulation.
And so, in terms of predicting the choices that developers and users will make, it’s very difficult to do that with precision. And so, I will see what happens in March.
Luca Maestri: Yes, Amit. As Tim said, these are changes that we’re going to be implementing in March. A lot will depend on the choices that will be made. Just to keep it in context, the changes applied to the EU market, which represents roughly 7% of our global app store revenue.
Amit Daryanani: Perfect. That’s a really good perspective to have. Thank you very much.
Suhasini Chandramouli: Thank you, Amit. Operator, can we have the next question please?
Operator: Our next question is from Aaron Rakers with Wells Fargo. Please go ahead.
Aaron Rakers: Yes. Thanks for taking the question. I have two as well as you would imagine. I guess, the first question I wanted to just ask maybe unpack a little bit more, just remarkable trends that we’re seeing in your product gross margin specifically. So, I’m curious as we look forward, I guess on this last quarter, where there any kind of benefits you’re seeing from like just the purchase component, obligations that you’ve put in place, let’s say, a year ago, and that flowing through. And how are you thinking about the component pricing environment as we think about that gross margin into the March quarter and looking-forward?
Luca Maestri: Yes. On the product side and then maybe I’ll make a comment in total for the company. On the product side, our gross margins increased sequentially 280 basis points. So, obviously, a very significant increase. I would say the two primary components of the increase are a favorable mix. Of course, iPhone did very well. We did very well with our high-end models. And leverage, of course, it’s the biggest quarter of the year for us and so we get the leverage effect. We had a partial offset, negative impact from foreign exchange. But net-net, obviously, very significant improvement. And we had very similar dynamics on the Services side where we increased sequentially 190 basis points, also, in this case, due to a more favorable mix.
And so, the combined effect of the two businesses gave us the 45.9% at the total company level, which is up 70% sequentially. You’ve heard from my prepared remarks that we are guiding total company gross margin to 46% to 47%, which is an additional expansion of margins compared to the already very strong results of the December quarter.
Aaron Rakers: Okay. And then, the second question I was just going to ask. Tim, you alluded to kind of your excitement around generative AI and some announcements that we should think about maybe later this year. One of the things that stands out for me is that, your capital expenditures has actually come down this last year. I’m curious as you look to lean in more to generative AI, is there something we should consider about the CapEx intensity at Apple to make investments to really set the table for generative AI, kind of platform as we move forward? Just given some of the things that we’ve seen from some other large tech companies.
Luca Maestri: I’ll take the question, Aaron. We’ve always said, we will never underinvest in the business. So, we are making all the investments that are necessary throughout our product development, software development, services development. And so, we will continue to invest in every area of the business and at the appropriate level. And we’re very excited about what’s in store for us for the rest of the year.
Aaron Rakers: Thank you.
Suhasini Chandramouli: Thanks, Aaron. Operator, can we have the next question please?
Operator: Our next question is from Krish Sankar with TD Cowen. Please go ahead.
Krish Sankar: Yes. Hi. Thanks for taking my question. I have two of them. First one for Luca, a clarification on a question. The $5 billion impact in March quarter, is that for product revenue or is that total company revenue. And along the same part, you highlighted the strong gross margins. And I understand last year, some of the commodity costs were deflationary, buy looks like it’s going to be inflationary right now. And also you’ve done some of the Mac conversions that — the silicon conversions. So I’m just trying to figure out how much juice is there more to squeeze on the gross margin side? And then I’ll follow up for Tim.
Luca Maestri: Yes. The — so the first part of the question was around — oh, the $5 billion. The $5 billion, as I mentioned, a year ago we had this disruption of supply on iPhone 14 Pro and Pro Max because of the factory shutdown due to the COVID-19 situation. And so, essentially there was pent up demand as we exited December quarter, they got fulfilled and we also did the channel fill associated with it during the March quarter. So close to $5 billion that I mentioned is entirely related to iPhone. On the gross margin side, obviously, we are at very high levels of gross margin. And I’ll repeat what I said before, we’ve had good expansion over the last few quarters and now we are guiding to 46% to 47% and that takes into account everything that is going on, which is, the commodity environment, which is the foreign exchange situation, and obviously the product and services mix.
And the outcome of this is the guidance, which obviously is very strong and we’re very happy with it.
Krish Sankar: Thanks a lot, Luca. And then I have a follow-up for Tim. Tim, it was very interesting to hear your comments on enterprise. And historically, Apple has been a consumer centric company. And now with Vision Pro, Mac, it’s sort of penetrating more into the enterprise. I’m kind of curious how to think about Apple of the future? Would it still be consumer centric or do you think it’s going to be more enterprise focused also as we get into the future? Thank you very much.
