8. Mongolia
Years of independence: 807
According to 2017 Factbook Report, there are around 3 million people in Mongolia, next country on our list of oldest countries and nations in the world. The country has many ethnic groups. However, the majority is Khalkh with 81.9%. Mongols are best known through history for their conquests. In the 13th century, they expended the Mongol Empire over the major part of Eurasia. Besides Mongolia, they also live as minorities in other regions of China and Russia. Wherever they are, they are bound together by a common heritage and ethnic identity. Moreover, their dialects are known as their language – Mongolian. Also, their ancestors are known as Proto-Mongolians.
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