13D Filing: Mill Road Capital Ii, L.p. and Ecology & Environment Inc (NASDAQ:EEI)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

SCHEDULE 13D

Under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

(Amendment No. 4)*

Ecology and
Environment, Inc.

(Name of Issuer)

Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value

(Title of Class of Securities)

278878103

(CUSIP Number)

Mill Road Capital II, L.P.

Attn: Thomas E. Lynch

382 Greenwich Avenue

Suite One

Greenwich, CT
06830

203-987-3500

With copies to:

(Name, Address and Telephone Number of Person Authorized to Receive Notices and Communications)

March 21, 2017

(Date of Event which Requires Filing of this Statement)

If the filing person has
previously filed a statement on Schedule 13G to report the acquisition that is the subject of this Schedule 13D, and is filing this schedule because of §§240.13d-1(e),
240.13d-1(f) or 240.13d-1(g), check the following box.  ☐

Note: Schedules filed in paper format shall include a signed original and five copies of the schedule, including all exhibits. See §240.13d-7 for other parties to whom copies are sent.

The information required on the remainder of this cover page shall not be
deemed to be filed for the purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (Act) or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section of the Act but shall be subject to all other provisions of the Act
(however, see the Notes).

CUSIP No. 278878103

This Amendment No. 4 to the joint statement on Schedule 13D with respect to the
Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value, of Ecology and Environment, Inc., a New York corporation filed by the undersigned on July 23, 2015, as amended by Amendment No. 1 filed on October 28, 2016, by Amendment No. 2 filed on
March 2, 2017, and by Amendment No. 3 filed on March 9, 2017 (collectively, the Schedule 13D), further amends and supplements the Schedule 13D as follows:

1. Item 4 of the Schedule 13D shall hereby be amended by inserting the following two paragraphs between the eleventh and twelfth paragraphs:

On March 21, 2017, the Fund filed a definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A and a related form of proxy with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, in connection with the Funds solicitation of proxies in support of the Nominees.

STOCKHOLDERS OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, INC. ARE
ADVISED TO READ THE DEFINITIVE PROXY STATEMENT BECAUSE IT CONTAINS IMPORTANT INFORMATION, INCLUDING INFORMATION RELATING TO THE PARTICIPANTS IN THE SOLICITATION OF PROXIES IN SUPPORT OF THE NOMINEES FOR USE AT THE ANNUAL MEETING. THE DEFINITIVE
PROXY STATEMENT AND GREEN PROXY CARD WILL BE AVAILABLE TO THE STOCKHOLDERS OF ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT, INC. FROM THE PARTICIPANTS AT NO CHARGE, BY CONTACTING OUR PROXY SOLICITOR, INVESTORCOM, INC., BY PHONE TOLL-FREE AT 1-877-972-0090, AND ARE ALSO AVAILABLE AT NO CHARGE AT THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSIONS WEBSITE AT WWW.SEC.GOV.

2. Except as expressly modified hereby, all statements contained in the Schedule 13D remain unchanged.

[signature pages follow]

CUSIP No. 278878103

Signature

After reasonable inquiry and to the best of my knowledge and belief, I certify that the information set forth in this statement is true,
complete and correct.